ATIS INTERROGATION REPORT NO. 2577 7 December 1950
FIELD REPORT (ADVATIS FWD #1 - 0271) 4 December 1950
1. PERSONAL DETAILS:| PW NAME: | LUI, Pang Chang (劉彭昌) (Chinese) |
| PW NO: | None |
| RANK: | Co grade officer |
| AGE: | 26 |
| DUTY: | Culture Officer |
| UNIT: | HUOPEI District Army, 20th Army Group, 66th Army, 197 Div, 590th Regt |
| EDUCATION: | 3 yrs High School - 4 yrs CNA Officers School at HWANGHU |
| OCCUPATION: | Student |
| PLACE OF CAPTURE: | T’AECHON (泰川) (YE 1522) |
| DATE OF CAPTURE: | 25 Nov 50 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH: | SHANTUNG SHONG, LELAN HSIEN, TAWEI KOW (山東省 泰安縣 大衛溝) |
| HOME ADDRESS: | Same as above |
| INTERROGATOR: | Sfc FUKUSHIMA (ATIS) |
PW was cooperative, considered intelligent. Information considered fairly reliable.
3. TACTICAL INFORMATION:Chronology:
15 Aug 42: Entered the CNA Officers’ Training School at HNANGHU (黃甫).
18 Sep 46: Assigned to the CNA 92nd Army as a plat ldr at TIENTSIN.
Mar 47: Was reassigned to the 92nd Army Security Bn as a plat ldr at TIENTSIN.
Jan 49: 92nd Army was surrounded by CCF at PEIPING. 92nd Army commander surrendered the 92nd CNA to the CCF. After the surrender PW was assigned to the 197th Div with his former company grade rank.
Mar 50: Was reassigned to the 590th Regt Hq as a I & E officer at TIENTSIN.
22 Oct 50: 66th Army left TIENTSIN by train.
24 Oct 50: 66th Army arrived at ANTUNG. After arriving at ANTUNG the 196th Div crossed the YALU River over the RR bridge followed by the 198th Div and 197th Div which crossed about 2000 hrs. Entered SINUIJU and at the outskirts the 3 Divisions went on separate courses.
25 Oct 50: 590th Regt after utilizing mountain trails and traveling only at night arrived at MASAN DONG (馬山洞) (XE 4230). When they arrived here the 591st Regt was about 2.5 km ahead and the 589th Regt was about 5 km west of the 590th Regt.
26 Oct 50: The 197th Div was reassembled at MASAN DONG and left here at about 1800 hrs.
27 Oct 50: 197th Div arrived at SUYONGCHANG LI at about 0300 hrs. When 197th Div arrived here the 198th and 196th Div were there. At SUYONGCHANG LI the 66th Army established defensive positions with the 196th on the west, the 197th in the center, the 198th was believed to have been on the east flank and a short distance in the rear of 197th Regt.
30 Oct 50: At 1600 hrs the 66th Army left SUYONGCHANG LI.
31 Oct 50: Arrived at KULIM LI at about 0800 hrs. KULIM LI was located between KUSONG (龜城) (XE 9229) and NAMSI north of a dirt road leading to SONCHON (宣川) (XE 6505). The 66th Army prepared defensive positions here.
3 Nov 50: 66th Army attacked. UN Forces and arrived at PYONGJI DONG (平地洞) vicinity of NAUSI (南市) (XE 9218). The 40th Army was at PAKCHON (搏川) (YE 2100), 38th Army at UNSAN (雲山), 39th Army at T’AECHON (泰川) (YE 1532). 66th Army left PYONGJI DONG (平地洞).
4 Nov 50: Arrived at IPSOK. TONG (立石洞) at about 2400 hrs.
5 Nov 50: Left IPSOK TONG (立石洞) (XE 9024).
6 Nov 50: Arrived at KUAKOK TONG (金谷洞) at about 0200 hrs. The 590th Regt established defensive positions. 591st Regt was at CHABOK TONG (車福洞) (YE 2701), 589th Regt at KUSCNG (龜城), 197th Div Hq at SUSONG LI (守城里) and the 196th Div was at NAMSI and vicinity. The 39th Army was located north of T’AECHON (泰川). All elements were there until 24 Nov 50.
24 Nov 50: 66th Army left KULKOK TONG.
25 Nov 50: 66th Army arrived on the outskirt of T’AECHON (泰川). The 39th Army was about 5 km NW of T’AECHON. An unknown Army of CCF was just west of T’AECHON.
PW deserted 590th Regt and surrendered to ROK Forces in the vicinity of T’AECHON.
Unit Organization and Strength:
HUPEI District Army - Composed of 18th, 19th and 20th army groups. 20th Army group composed of 66th, 67th and 68th Army. 66th Army composed of 196th, 197th and 198th Divs; Recon Co (150 men); Political Training Bn (600 men); Eng Bn (600 men); Communication Bn (600 men); Security Bn (600 men); Arty Regt (unknown).
Each Div composed of 3 Rifle Regt; Recon Co (150 men); Communication Co (150 men); Security Bn (600 men); Arty Bn (unk).
Each Regt composed of 3 Rifle Bns; Recon Co (150 men); Security Co (150 men); 82mm Mortar Co (130 men); Arty Co (120 men).
Each Bn composed of 3 Rifle Co; 1 HMG Co (140 men). Each Rifle Co composed of 3 Rifle Plats, 160mm Mortar Plat (17 men).
HMG Co composed of 2 HMG Plat’s, 82mm mortar plat (34 men), AT Rifle Plat (19 men).
66th Army (2,500 men) - Div (7,000 men) - Regt (2,300 men) - Bn (620 men) - Rifle Co (167 men) - HMG Co (140 men).
Regimental Hq composed of Regimental CO; Chief of Staff Section; Political Section; Supply Section.
Chief of Staff Section composed of Operations Branch (3 officers); Training (2 officers); Communication (3 officers); Recon (2 officers) and Military Service (2 officers).
Political Section - Propaganda Branch (4 officers); Organization Branch (4 officers); Secret Service Branch (4 officers); Political Director Branch (4 officers) and Youth Director Branch (2 officers).
Supply Section - Clothing Branch (2 officers); Finance Branch (2 officers); Food Branch (4 officers); Issuing Branch (2 officers); Sanitation Branch (6 officers); Ordnance Branch (2 officers); Transportation Branch (24 officers).
Actual Battle Organization and Strength:
When the 66th Army came to KOREA the political training Bn was left behind.
Last Known Composition of Unit:
66th Army was in the vicinity of T’AECHON on 25 Nov 50. There were very few casualties at this time.
Equipment (as of 25 Nov 50):
Each Rifle Co - 9 IMG’s, 2 × 60ram mortar, 10 SMG’s.
HMG Co - 6 HMG’s, 2 × 82mm mortar, 4 AT Rifles.
Unit was very well equipped with small arms formerly CNA equipment captured by the CCF.
Each Regt had an Arty Co equipped with 4 mountain guns carried on pack horses.
No Russian weapons observed.
Unit History:
66th Army Hq was located at WANGCHUN TWA (王慶垞) 25 km west of TIENTSIN (太津), 196th Div at TIENTSIN City, 197th Div at YACHEN (楊村) 9 km west of TIENTSIN and the 198th Div at CHUWANG SHEN (周王縣) 5 km S of TIENTSIN.
Communications:
The 66th Army, after it entered KOREA through ANTUNG, traveled on foot until T‘AECHON.
During the daylight hours unit always rested in mountains. When it started to get dark, the unit would march over mountain trails and when it is really dark unit would utilize the roads until almost daybreak, then unit would go back to mountain trails until daylight. Unit always dug foxholes in the mountains to escape aerial detection. The 66th Army not subjected to air attack.
Between army Hq and Div’s a wireless communication system was used. From Div to Bns, telephones and field radios were used, for communication between Bns and lower runners were used.
While on the road, couriers on horseback or runners were utilized to carry messages between Bns.
PW’s Regt, while on the road in KOREA, marched as a whole Regt with the Regt Hq always located between the 1st and 2nd Bn. A recon Co of about 150 men always traveled about 1 km ahead of the main body to protect it from a sudden attack. A group of scouts (squad size) would be sent out during the day to pick the Regt’s resting area for the next day.
Intentions:
The 66th Army had no particular objective, except to engage the enemy and defeat them. To defeat the enemy guerrilla tactics were to be the most common method used.
PW states that when the CCF forces were sent to KOREA to fight the UN Forces, their objective was to envelope the enemy and destroy it as soon as possible and to clear up the conflict very quickly, because, if the war should drag on a 3rd World War would begin.
Knowledge of other units:
The 67th Army was at TANGKWO (塘沽) and the 68th Army at TUNGSAN CHI WHANG DO (泰星島) when PW left TIENTSIN. The 18th and 19th Army Groups were at KAN SHI (甘肅). Did not know of any Japanese units in CCF.
Personalities:
66th Army Commander - SHO, Chin Hwei (書慶槐) referred to as 801.
66th Army Political Officer - WANG, Zu Fun (王紫鋒), referred to as 802.
66th Army Assistant Political Officer - CHANG (FNU) (張??), referred to as 804.
66th Army Chief of Staff - LIU, Su (劉蘚), referred to as 805.
66th Army officer in charge of all political matters - FANG (FNU) (危??), referred to as 806.
197th Div Commander - CHONG, Shon Pu (成少甫), referred to as 410.
Assist Div Commander - CHING, Le Ba (張一波), referred to as 430.
197th Div Political Officer - CHUN, Bim Chang (鐘炳昌), referred to as 420.
197th Div Chief Political Officer - CHU (FNU) (朱??), referred to as 440.
197th Div Chief of Staff - LEE, Shi Chin (李善亭).
590th Regt Commander - WAN, Chong (王誠), referred to as 29.
590th Regt executive - CHU, Yu Gi (裴玉芝), referred to as 28.
590th Regt Political Officer - LUI, San Su (劉三壽), referred to as 27.
590th Regt Political Chief - LEE, Chan Hwa (李吉和), referred to as 24.
590th Chief of Staff as 25 - SU, Chang Son (兼長生), referred to as 25.
The 66th Army had 3 Koreans assigned as interpreters to Regts at ANTUNG.
Did not see any Russian officers while in MANCHURIA or KOREA.
About 1% of the 66th Army officers and 70-80% of the enlisted men were made up of former CNA men.
About 80% of the 66th Army personnel had two or more years of service. While majority of the officers had four or more years of service.
Morale and Propaganda:
Morale of PW as well as majority of the troops was low due to the fact that, they heard rumors that when they do fight the UN Forces, they will not have a chance of going back to CHINA until the battle is won. All troops knew that it would be a hard struggle and loss of life to many individuals because CHINA fights their wars with manpower rather than equipment. Troops were told by their political officers that Chinese troops must go to KOREA and fight to preserve world peace. Must help our Korean comrades (former CCF troops) who are now being defeated by UN Forces, because after KOREA is taken by the UN Forces, CHINA will be invaded and RUSSIA next. Political officers received this message from the Foreign Minister CHU, Win Lai (朱恩來) and relayed it to the troops.
For the Commanding Officer:
BATEMAN
