ATIS INTERROGATION REPORT NO. 3509 21 February 1951
FIELD REPORT (164-MISDI-1552) 17 February 1951
| PW NAME: | CHANG, Kuei Hua (張桂華) (CCF) |
| RANK: | Pvt |
| ORGANIZATION: | 4th Field Army, Unk Army, “TUNG LAI PU” (東萊部) (Believed to be a division); 60th Regt, 2nd Bn, HMG Co, 2nd Plat, 4th Sqd |
| DUTIES: | Ammo Bearer |
| EDUCATION: | 6 years |
| AGE: | 23 |
| OCCUPATION: | Farmer |
| ADDRESS: | LIAO TUNG SHENG, FU HSIEN, SUNCHIA TSUN (遼東省 復縣 孫家村) |
| DATE AND PLACE OF CAPTURE: | 1514400 I Feb 51, at DZ 022357 (According to PW Card), by the 187th RCT. |
| INTERROGATOR: | G.W.A |
| INTERROGATED AT: | 4th Field Hospital, TAEGU (DQ 6068) |
Cooperative. PW was suffering from a gun shot wound.
PW was unfamiliar with Korean place names and had extreme difficulty recalling any dates.
However, information, although somewhat limited, seems to be fairly reliable.
a. Chronology
PW was conscripted into the 6th Independent CCF Regt during May 50 in FU HSIEN. He received 3 months of basic infantry training.
PW departed from FU HSIEN during Aug 50 with the entire 6th Independent Regt, marched for three days, and arrived at CHIN HSIEN (錦縣) during Aug 50. At CHIN HSIEN, the 6th Independent Regt was deactivated and its personnel assigned to other CCF units. PW was assigned to the 60th Regt of the “TUNG LAI PU”
PW departed from CHIN HSIEN during SEP 50 with the entire 60th Regt marched and arrived at HSINYANG (信陽) after approx 4 months (probably Dec 50).
PW departed from HSINYANG, by train, and arrived at ANTUNG (安東) during July 50. There, the 60th Regt was issued an unknown number of heavy machine guns, rifles, and 2,000 rounds of ammo per machine gun (make of these weapons were unknown) during the summer of 1950, In Oct 50, the 60th Regt received cotton-padded winter uniforms.
PW departed from ANTUNG during Oct 50, marched during the night over the YALU River across a large automobile bridge into SINUIJU (XE 1839), arriving during Oct 50.
PW departed SINUIJU during Oct 50, marched (at night only) with the 60th Regt, and arrived at UNSAN (BU 4365), date unknown. There, the Regt fought for 4 or 5 days against UN ground forces.
PW departed from UNSAN, with the 60th Regt, marched (at night only) for 2 nights, and then returned to the UNSAN area on the third night. There, the Regt dug underground entrenchments for concealment against UN aircraft (60th Regt Hq was located in one of these underground rooms dug against a hillside). Machine guns were dug in for defensive purposes against any UN attack that might be made in the area.
After spending approx 2 weeks in the vicinity of UNSAN, PW departed with the 60th Regt, marched (at night only) over both highways and trails (usually using highways), and arrived at the 38th parallel on the western part of KOREA, date unknown.
PW departed from the 38th parallel area, marched over a nastily constructed wooden bridge laid over rocks piled across to IMJIN River, and continued marching for 2 days. Then the Regt rested for one week in unidentified villages (sleeping in the villages during night and scattering throughout the hillsides during daylight hours) before continuing marching, for approx 15 days in a southeastward direction. Then the Regt prepared for battle by baking bread sufficient for 5 days rations. No other battle preparations were made that PW knows of.
PW departed from the above unidentified area 5 Feb 51, marched (at night only) over mountain trails with the 58th and 60th Regt, and arrived at DS 0235 (vicinity of capture of PW) 10 Feb 51. There, a battle ensued 12 Feb 51. PW does not know whether UN troops attacked first or whether CCF troops did. PW was wounded by UN machine gun fire 15 Feb 51. PW was abandoned by his regt who fled northward to the mountains at 151400 I Feb 51. PW was picked up shortly after a Korean soldier and carried immediately to troops of the 187th RCT.
b. Locations and Activities of Units: (As of 15 Feb 51)
PW observed 58th CCF Regt fighting in conjunction with the 60th CCF Regt approx 1 Km west of the 60th Regt which was at DX DS 022357 at 151400 I Feb 51.
Mission and objective of the 60th Regt was unknown to PW.
c. T/O & E and Strength of Unit: (As of 15 Feb 51)
“TUNGLAI PU”: 58th, 59th, and 60th Rifle Regt, Mountain Arty Bn, Security Co, Recon Co, Communications Co, Litter Bearer Co, Engineer Co.
60th Rifle Regt: 3 Rifle Bn, light Arty Co (Sic), Security Co, Communications Plat, and Medical Unit (approx the size of 2 x Plat).
2nd Rifle Bn: 3 Rifle Co (1st, 2nd and 3rd) plus 1 HMG Co, 1 Signal Sqd, and 1 Medical Squad.
HMG Co: 3 x HMG Plat (1st, 2nd and 3rd).
2nd HMG Plat: 3 x HMG Sqd (4th, 5th, and 6th) with 11 men per Sqd.
| HMG Co, 2nd Bn, 60th Regt | Original (Oct 50) | Present (15 Feb 51) |
| EM | 113 (approx) | 93 (approx) |
| Officers | 7 | 7 |
| Total | 120 | 120 |
| Equipment and ammo: | ||
| HMG | 6 (2,000 rd per) | 5 (500 rd per) |
| Hand Grenades | 1 per man | Unk |
| Pistols | 7 | 7 |
| Bugle | 1 | 1 |
| Whistles | 4 (approx) | 4 (approx) |
| 2nd Bn, 60th Regt | ||
| EM and Officers | 500 (approx) | 400 (approx) |
| Equipment and ammo: | ||
| Rifles M-79 (Chinese) | Unk | Unk |
| Bayonets | 1 per rifle | 1 per rifle |
| Hand Grenades | 4 per rifleman | 4 per rifleman |
| LMG | 27 | 18 (estimated) |
| Field Telephone | Unk | Unk |
| 60th Regt: | ||
| Equipment and ammo: | ||
| Light Arty Pieces (Chinese) | 4 | 4 |
| Horses | 20 (approx) | 20 (approx) |
| Wireless Transmitter Receiver | Unk | Unk |
| “TUNGLAI PU” (Probably a Division) | ||
| Equipment and ammo: | ||
| Mountain Arty Pieces | 12 | 12 |
| Wireless Transmitter Receivers | Unk | Unk |
| Field Telephones | Unk | Unk |
| Horses | Unk | Unk |
| 1/4 ton “Jeep” | 4 | 4 |
| Remarks: Losses were a direct result of battle against UN Forces at DS 0235 (12 Feb 51 to 15 Feb 51). | ||
d. Personalities:
YEN (FNU) (岩), CO, HMG Co, 2nd Bn, 60th Regt.
MA, Feng Yuan (馬鳳圓), Exec Officer, HMG Co, 2nd Bn, 60 Regt.
TAN (FNU) (譚), Ass’t Political Officer, HMG Co, 2nd Bn, 60th Regt.
WANG, Huan Yuan (王化圓), Plat Ldr, 2nd Plat, HMG Co, 60th Regt.
e. Replacements:
As of 15 Feb 51, the 60th Regt had received no replacements and was not expecting any.
f. Supplies:
60th Regt personnel received two meals daily. Rations consisted of corn, rice, millet or corn flour bread, and were obtained by confiscating food from residents of Korean villages through which the regt passed.
60th Regt has received no additional weapons, ammunition, or equipment since coming to KOREA other than 200 rounds of ammunition, issued to each rifleman 7 Feb 51 while the regt was enroute to DS 0235. However, the regt received an unknown number of heavy machine guns (2,000 rd per HMG) plus rifles and ammo, at ANTUNG, MANCHURIA, during the summer of 50. The regt also received cotton-padded winter uniforms at ANTUNG Oct 50.
g. Signals:
60th Regt has an unknown number of wireless and field telephone sets. Each bn has an unknown number of field telephones (PW believes 2 telephones are in each bn).
h. Morale and Battle Effectiveness:
60th Regt personnel had low morale because they were afraid of UN aircraft, were on foreign soil and were cold. The general physical fitness however, of the men in the 60th Regt was good. PW considered the combat efficiency of the 60th Regt to be poor because the men have low morale and would like to desert if given the opportunity.
i. Medical:
PW noted no disease in the 60th Regt although the only one immunization (type unknown) 6 Feb 51.
PW stated that there were about 16 cases of frostbite in the HMG Co, 2nd Bn, 60th Regt. These men were treated with applications of an unidentified red fluid and returned to their co.
j. Psychological Warfare:
PW was captured because he was wounded by UN small arms fire and abandoned by his regt. However, he claims that he would have surrendered long ago if he had been given a chance to do so by his officers. He wanted to surrender because he disliked CCF army life.
PW observed UN leaflets dropped in the area of DS 0235 o/a 12 Feb 51.
PW remembers that the UN leaflets said to surrender to the UN side and be given food and shelter.
PW believed the leaflets and wanted to surrender but saw no chance to do so because he was afraid of his officers.
PW heard one of his comrades say that the UN leaflets were not lies, but the leaflets were not discussed further because of fear of punishment from officers and communist party members.
For the AC of S, G-2:
HONG
