CONFIDENTIAL
Classification
Control: 5/197
Recd: MAY 8, 1960 1 PM
FROM: SEOUL
ACTION: DEPARTMENT 1089
INFO: TOKYO 368, CINCPAC 245.
DATE: MAY 7, 8 PM
CINCPAC FOR POLAD
EMBTEL 1069.
In course our meeting today (EMBTEL 1087), Foreign Minister Huh Chung discussed at considerable length his view short-run political prospects and offered some brief comments on present situation.
Speaking on basis his experience as member First National Assembly, Huh stated that he assumes that when new elections held for Assembly—he emphatically affirmed that these will be completely free—a number of those elected undoubtedly will be members of former Progressive Party which he equated with Communists; others, he speculated, will be elected with Progressive or other Communist or fellow-traveler support. Such elements, he anticipates, will combine to obtain powerful government. In this connection, Huh stated that “big conspiracy” already has been started in Pusan area which being plotted and directed by Progressive Party. He also stated that some members of present Assembly are attempting “collaborate” with Progressives, for reasons of expediency, and he professed see danger that such persons would continue such collaboration in next Assembly in effort gain power.
Huh expressed serious doubt that Democrats will be able obtain majority next Assembly as they now seem to expect. Moreover, he insisted, “just few ‘Communists’ in Assembly will be able exert considerable influence.” Huh speculated, therefore, that in new Assembly there well may be appreciable expressions anti-American sentiment, demands that US forces withdraw immediately from Korea, and proposals for “peaceful negotiation” between the ROK and North Korean regime.
Huh also stated that there is small group which maneuvering to bring back Dr. Rhee, taking advantage his name in effort obtain power. He indicated, however, this not significant movement, and he expressed view it very unlikely gain any strength.
Describing himself as “Liberal”, Huh stated that in past LP has used variety questionable techniques to suppress Communists and subversives but that he does not intend take “such measures.” He wished, however, make clear his concern for such danger.
Such consideration, however, evidently have influenced Huh’s approach to current situation and, specifically, to role present National Assembly. Thus, he explained that although "ideally" present Assembly should resign and new elections be held promptly, he believes, for reasons noted in foregoing, that now Assembly would not be as “co-operative” as present. For this reason, he attempting maintain present Assembly and reach agreement with it on solution political crisis. Huh seemed confident that he will continue be able obtain co-operation Assembly in this effort. Although he remarked that “neither DP nor LP likes me,” he believes both parties must cooperate with his “care-taker” government since, in his view, DP would not be able retain popular support if they attempted exercise interim control and LP unable exercise this role since completely discredited. “They must,” Huh concluded, “co-operate for their sakes, not mine.” He observed that should either party fall co-operate he would resign forthwith.
Huh emphasized, however, that in this situation he must maintain strict non-partisanship in public statements, including, presumably, those relating such issues as constitutional amendment, resignation National Assembly and elections. I inquired whether he nonetheless attempting exert his influence from behind scenes, and I sought draw him out on direction such efforts. Huh evaded the question saying he would prefer wait until another occasion.
I inquired whether Huh had in mind any general time-table for such matters as passage constitutional amendment, resignation Assembly, and new elections. He did not reply directly to import my question but stated that resignation Assembly would of course follow amendment constitution and that prime minister and new president would be elected under amended constitution. He noted that there is some opinion urging immediate resignation Assembly and presidential elections, but he insisted this view of only small minority and that majority Korean public favor establishment cabinet system by this Assembly. Huh added that new president in all probability would be elected indirectly.
COMMENT: Prospect which Huh outlined of resurgence leftist fringe political movements during and after new Assembly elections not unreasonable assumption given Korean political situation and nature recent political upheaval. We must recognize the danger and more to minimize it. It crucial in such situation that substance and timing actions Huh government and Assembly not play into hands of leftist elements. Leftist elements could effectively exploit any wide-spread impression that present government not responsive demands people. This a primary consideration in our efforts move Huh administration and other responsible agencies government to take prompt and adequate measures to meet basic causes recent popular protest movement against government.
Huh's remarks confirm previous indications he in support current effort present Assembly amend constitution in direction cabinet system to be followed by resignation Assembly and new elections. (EMBTEL 1086), It particularly significant this regard that he evidently regards this formula much more suited requirements present situation and more likely achieve acceptable resolution recent political crisis than immediate call for presidential and vice-presidential elections and/or resignation present Assembly without passage constitutional amendment.
I believe it would be unwise in this situation to pressure Huh into taking any legislative or electoral steps which he considers unsound from security and stability standpoints.
MCCONAUGHY
ca
08/1440