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보/고/서

ATIS INTERROGATION REPORT NO. 4426

FIELD REPORT (ADVATIS-0148)　26 November 1951

PW was cooperative and answered most questions without any hesitation. His sense of direction and distance seemed fairly accurate. Was fairly intelligent and honest. This information may be considered fairly reliable.

14 Aug 49　Volunteered for the CGF at HUNCH’UN-HSIEN (琿春縣), MANCHURIA.

3 Sep 49　Assigned to the 5th Div, Medical Bn, in NANAM (羅南), KOREA.

Promoted to Jr Lt on 7 Nov 49. Unit engaged in combat training.

15 Aug 50　Fought in the YONGTOK (盈德) area.

2 Oct 50　Surrendered to U.S. troops at P’YONGCH’ANG (平昌).

Post Office　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　HUNCH’UN-HSIEN (琿春縣)

Jr Lt　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　D/O 1941 – Jul 49

A small post office was located about 1.3 km east of the HUNCH’UN (琿春) Railroad Station. It was a two-story, red brick building with gable-type claytile roof measuring approximately 15 x 25 m. The first floor was utilized as a postoffice and the 2nd floor was utilized as a telegraph office. Approximately 17 postal workers were observed on the first floor but the number of employees on the second floor was unknown. PW entered this post office to mail letters occasionally during the above period.

Government-Operated Buses　　　　　　　HUNCH’UN-HSIEN (琿春縣)

Jr Lt　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　D/O 1941 – Jul 49

The only means of transportation available to the local population was government-operated buses and privately operated horse carriages. Only two buses were run between HUNCH’UN-HSIEN and TUMEN (圖們). All the roads within this town were gravel and were fairly well maintained.

A fairly large railroad station was located bare, but it ceased to operate after October, 1945. The Russians came here during late 1945 and removed all the locomotives and railroad supplies. For reasons unknown by the PW, only the tacks leading to the Koran border were not removed.

Population　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　HUNCH’UN-HSIEN (琿春縣)

Jr Lt　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　D/O 1941 – Jul 49

The total population of this city was estimated to be between 300,000 and 400,000. There has been a slight increase of population since 1945, because some Koreans migrated to this city. These Koreans were refugees from some city that had had race riots. Approximately 50% of the total population were Koreans, and the remaining 50% were Manchurians. Only two or three Russian nationals were observed here.

Hospital　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　HUNCH’UN-HSIEN (琿春縣)

Jr Lt　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　D/O 1941 – Jul 49

A hospital was located about 2.5 km SE of the HUNCH’UN Railroad Station and 1.8 km south of a single tack railroad line. There were 5 red brick building with gable-type galvanized iron roofs of various sizes located here. (See attached Town Plan Sketch). The total ground area occupied by this hospital measured approximately 300 x 400 m and it was enclosed by a 1.3m-high brick wall.

The maximum bed capacity of this hospital was estimated to be around 150. Approximately 11 Japanese and 2 Korean doctors were observed. Approximately 25 nurses assisted the doctors. An equal number of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean nurses were observed.

Medical supplies were transported from HARBIN (哈爾濱). Only one X-Ray machine was observed. This hospital took care of the military as well as the civil population of this city. PW entered this hospital occasionally to receive treatment for minor illnesses.

Mortar Shell Case Mfg Plant　　　　　　　 HUNCH’UN-HSIEN (琿春縣)

Jr Lt　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　D/O Dec 47 – May 48

This Plant was located about 1 km WSW of the HUNCH’UN Railroad Station and 450m SW of the 5m wide main road. PW worked here almost daily during the above period and was employed as a lathe operator at the #3 plant. (See Sketch #1)

There were 20 concrete buildings with gable-type galvanized iron roofs of various sizes. (See Sketch #1)

There were approximately 30 lathes of various sizes observed within the #3 plant. The smallest lathe measured about 50 cm x 17 cm x 70 cm high, and the largest measured about 70 cm x 1.2 m x 70 cm x 70 cm high.

Approximately 450 employees were employed on three 8-hours shifts daily. Approximately 100 employees were Japanese technicians and lathe operators who were detained by the CCF. The remainder of the employees were Korean and Chinese. PW produced about 25 – 30 mortar shell casings per day. The shell casings measured about 82 mm in diameter and 24 cm long. The #3 plant produced shell casings, firing tubes and fuses. An average of 400 shell casings were produced per shift each day.

Approximately 750 employees were employed on three 8-hour shifts daily at the #1 plant. Mortar shell casings were made here.

Approximately 480 employees were employed on three 8-hour shifts daily at the #2 plant. Lathes, drills and steel cutting machines were observed but details were unknown since this plant was off-limits to all unauthorized personnel.

Approximately 180 employees were employed on three 8-hour shifts daily at the #4 plant.

The total ground area occupied by this plant was approximately 120 m square, and it was enclosed by a 2 m high barbed-wire fence which was electrified. This plant was well guarded by CCF soldiers at all times.

This plant was in operation 6 days per week. The shell casings manufactured here were transported by trucks to an explosives manufacturing plant, which was located about 2 km NW of the HUNCH’UN Railroad Station and 50 m north of a single -track trunk line. A friend of the PW was employed as a truck driver in transporting the shell casings to the explosives plant. Raw materials were produced elsewhere, but locations was unknown.

Explosive Plant　　　　　　　　　　　　　HUNCH’UN-HSIEN (琿春縣)

Jr Lt　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　D/O Dec 47 – May 48

This plant was located about 2 km NW of the HUNCH’UN Railroad Station and 50 m north of the single track trunk line. Since this plant was a sister plant of the above mentioned mortar shell case manufacturing plant, the employees of the latter were allowed to enter and utilize the athletic field during their holidays. PW entered this plant area every Sunday during the above period and observed the exterior of the buildings.

There were approximately 11 concrete buildings with gable-type galvanized iron roofs of various sizes. (See Sketch #2). The total area occupied by this plant was approximately 120 m x 150 m, and was enclosed by a 2 m high electrified barbed-wire fence.

It was estimated that approximately 600 employees were engaged on three 8-hour shifts daily. PW heard from his friends that they were engaged in placing explosives in the mortar shell casings.

This plant was well guarded by CCF soldiers and only people with authorized passes were allowed to enter the plant area.

PW heard from his truck driver friends that live mortar shells were transported by trucks to TUMEN (圖們).

Ammunition Case Mfg Plant　　　　　　　SHIHYEN (石晛)

Jr Lt　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　D/O 15 Dec 48 – Mar 49

This plant was located about 1.3 km ENE of the SHIHYEN (石晛) Railroad Station and 50 m north of the single track trunk line.

PW was an interpreter and lathe operator at the ammunition case manufacturing plant during the above period.

There were seven 1-story wooden buildings with gable-type galvanized iron roofs. (See Sketch for Buildings and Plant Area).

Approximately 30 employees were employed 8 hours daily at the ammunition case manufacturing plant. Approximately 4 power-operated table saws and 12-13 jointers were observed within this plant. One saw, 6 m in diameter, was also observed here. Only about 50 wooden ammunition boxes measuring about 30 x 56 x 20 cm were produced here daily. Production rate was very low since all employees of this plant were Chinese rationals and were very lazy. No work norm was set up by the CCF.

Shell Case Mfg Plant　　　　　　　　　　　SHIHYEN (石晛)

Jr Lt　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　D/O 15 Dec 48 – Mar 49

Approximately 150 employees were employed on three 8-hour shifts daily at the shell case manufacturing plant. There were approximately 8 large lathes and 13 shell lathes measuring about 22 x 80 x 103 cm high and 16 x 76 x 96 cm high, respectively. Approximately 200 shell casings measuring about 82 cm in diameter an 24 cm long were produced per day. The shell casings produced here were transported by trucks and horse dream carts to the nearby explosive plant. The mouldings came from the nearby foundry. (Sketch #4)

This plant was well guarded by CCF soldiers at all times. Approximately 15 soldiers were observed during daylight hours.

PW believes that power, utilized within this plant, came from TUMEN. (圖們).

Foundry & Explosives Plant　　　　　　　　SHIHYEN (石晛)

Jr Lt　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　D/O 15 Dec 48 – Mar 49

This plant was located about 30 m east of the SHIHYEN (石晛) Railroad Station 15 m south of the single-track trunk line. PW entered this plant area occasionally during the above period to receive treatment at the dispensary for injuries received while working at the mortar shell case manufacturing plant.

There were 14 1-story wooden buildings with gable-type galvanized iron roofs at the foundry, and 3 buildings of similiar construction at the explosives plant. (See Sketch 5 for buildings and ground area).

It was estimated that approximately 150 plant workers and 20 – 30 office workers were employed on three 8-hour shifts daily. Steal moulds for mortar shell cases were believed to have been manufactured here. Moulds produced here were transported by trucks and horse drawn carts to the mortar shell case manufacturing plant. PW saw these trucks and horse carts enter the latter plant. PW heard from fellow workers that mortar shell casing were transported to the explosives plant to be loaded with explosives.

The foundry and the explosives plant were well guarded by CCF soldiers at all times.

Pulp Mill　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　SHIHYEN (石晛)

Jr Lt　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　D/O Dec 48 – Mar 49

This mill was located about 100 m ENE of the SHIHYEN (石晛) Railroad Station and 20 m south of a 9 m wide river. PW observed the exterior of the mill occasionally during the above period while walking to and from work.

There were four 1-story and one 4-story red brick buildings with gable-type galvanized iron roofs of various sizes. (See sketch #6). The total area occupied by this mill was approximately 800 m square, enclosed by a 2m high brick wall.

It was estimated that approximately 700 – 800 Japanese workers were employed on four 6-hour shifts daily. Chinese nationals held supervisory positions.

Logs used here were floated from upstream. Source unknown.

The river flowing near this pulp mill was never frozen during winter since yellow colored hot water was discharged from this plant.

Roll paper, sheet paper and various other types of paper were manufactured and transported to the railroad station to be shipped elsewhere. Details unknown.

T/E Power plant　　　　　　　　　　　　 SHIHYEN (石晛)

Jr Lt　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　D/O Dec 48 – Mar 49

This power plant was located about 50 m NNE of the SHIHYEN Railroad Station.

PW observed the exterior of this power plant occasionally during the above period while walking to and from work. It was a red brick building with gable-type galvanized from roof measuring approximately 5 x 5 x 4 m. One small steel chimney, approximately 50 cm in diameter and 10 m high, was observed.

Large piles of firewood and coal were observed within the power plant area. The total area occupied by this power plant was approximately 200 m square, enclosed by a 2 m high barbed-wire fence. Vegetable gardens were also located within the enclosure. This plant was utilized as a reserve power plant.

FOR THE COMMANDING OFFICER:

MORTAR SHELL CASE MFG PLANT HUNCH’UN-HSIEN (琿春縣) OBS: DEC 47-MAY 48 SKETCH – 1

LEGEND:

1. Latrine: 2 x 6 m

2. CCF Plant Guards’ Barracks: Apprx 120 men observed here. 10 x 10 m

3. Foundry or #1 Plant: 16 x 25 m

4. Lathe Plant or #2 Plant: 16 x 21 m

5. Lathe Plant or #3 Plant: 16 x 26 m, apprx 30 lathes of various sizes observed here.

6. Blacksmith Shop: 3 men worked 3 hrs/day

7. Kitchen: 18 employees/day, 8 x 14 m

8. Supply Whse: 3 employees/day, 4 x 8 m

9. Boiler Plant: 18 employees on 3 8-hr shifts/day, 4 x 6 m

10. Press Plant or #4 plant: 8 x 15 m

11. Tool Room: 6 employees on 3 8-hr shifts/day, 4 x 6 m

12. Latrine: 2 x 6 m

13. Mess Hall: 10 x 20 m

14. Guard Office: 3 x 3 m

15. Mess Hall for Korean Employees: 8 x 14 m

16. Korean Employees’ Dormitory: 10 x 10 m

17. Mess Hall for Chinese Employees: 8 x 14 m

18. Chinese Employees’ Dormitory: 4 x 14 m

19. Mess Hall for Japanese Employees: 8 x 14 m

20. Japanese Employees’ Dormitory: 4 x 14 m

21. Steel chimney: diam 50 cm and height 10 m

22. Pushcart line

23. 2 m-high electrified barbed-wire fence

24. Spur line not in use now.

* Triangular points indicate wooden watchtowers.

NOTE: All bldgs were constructed of concrete gable-type galvanized iron roof (single-story). The bldgs. were camouflaged with paint.

EXPLOSIVE PLANT HUNCH’UN-HSIEN (琿春縣) OBS: DEC 47-MAY 48 SKETCH – 2

LEGEND:

1. Latrine: 3 x 5 m

2. Explosive Plant: 25 x 50 m

3. Explosive Plant: 25 x 50 m

4. Mess Hall and Plant Guards’ Barracks: 25 x 50 m

5. Explosives Plant: 25 x 30 m

6. Guard Post: 3 x 3 m

7. Kitchen: 10 x 15 m

8. Boiler Room: 35 x 35 m, with 18 m-high (diam 60 cm) chimney (steel)

9. Guard Post: 3 x 3 m

10. Employees’ Dormitory: 25 x 30 m

11. Guard Office: 3 x 3 m

12. Athletic Field

13. Main RR line: not in use

14. Electrified 2 m-high barbed-wire fence

NOTE: All bldgs were constructed of concrete with gable-type galvanized iron roofs. Camouflage paint on the walls and roof.

Triangular points indicate guard watchtowers.

TOWN PLAN SKETCH SHIHYEN (石晛) OBS: DEC 48-MAR 49 SKETCH – 3

1. SHIH-YEN (石晛) RR Station

2. Main Section of SHIH-YEN (石晛)

a. Korean Primary School b. Chinese Primary Shool c. Ration Office for Plant Employees d. Civilian Guards Office

3. T E Power Plant

4. T E Power Plant Admin Bldg

5. Pulp Mill

6. Mortar Shell Case Mfg Plant

7. Explosives Plant

8. Foundry

9. Plant Employees Housing Area

10. Theatre

11. Stores

NOTE: The triangular points indicate guard watch towers.

MORTAR SHELL CASE MFG PLANT SHIHYEN (石晛) OBS: 15 DEC 48-MAR 49 SKETCH – 4

1. Latrine (1 m x 2.5 m)

2. Mess Hall (8 m x 10 m)

3. Ammunition Fox Mfg Plant (20 m x 25 m)

4. Latrine (1.5 m x 2.5 m)

5. Guard Office (2 m x 3 m)

6. Mortar Shell Case Mfg Plant (22 m x 35 m)

7. Latrine (1.5 m x 2.5 m)

NOTES:

All bldgs. were constructed of wood, with gable-type galvanized iron roofs and were one story high. △ = Wooden watchtower (2 m x 3 m)

FOUNDRY & EXPLOSIVES MFG PLANT SHIHYEN (石晛) OBS: 15 DEC 48-MAR 49 SKETCH – 5

1. Latrine (2 m x 3 m)

2. Foundry (21 m x 30 m)

3. Blacksmith Shop (2 m x 4 m)

4. Guard Office (7 m x 8 m)

5. Dispensary (6 m x 8 m)

6. Latrine (1.5 m x 3 m)

7. Dispensary Ward (7 m x 10m)

8. Admin Plant (7 m x 7 m)

9. Mess Hall (3 m x 13 m)

10. Boiler Plant (7 m x 7 m)

11. Plant Guard Unit’s Barracks (6 m x 10 m)

12. Latrine (2 m x 4 m)

13 Kitchen (5 m x 10 m)

14. Provisions Whse (3 m x 5 m)

15. Explosives Plant (8 m x 15 m)

16. Explosives Plant (8 m x 15 m)

17. Guard Office (2m x 3m)

18. Electrified Barbed Wire Fence (2 m high)

Note:

△ Points indicate guard watchtowers

PULP MILL SHIHYEN(石晛) OBS: 15 DEC 48-MAR 49 SKETCH – 6

1. Plant Dispensary (7 m x 10 m)

2. Guard Office and Barracks (3 m x 4 m)

3. Dispensary Ward (8 m x 12 m)

4. Pulp Mill and Admin Bldg (25 m x 30 m, 4 stories high)

5. Latrine (2 m x 3 m)

6. Brick Wall (2 m high)

7. Guard posted here

NOTE: All bldgs were constructed of red brick with gable-type black galvanized iron roofs and were one story high unless specified otherwise.

TOWN PLAN SKETCH OF HUNCHUN (琿春) OBS: 1941-JULY 1949 SKETCH – 7

1. HUNCHUN RR Station

2. Tool room for RR Station

3. Latrine for RR Station

4. Police Station

5. HUNCHUN Middle School

6. Former Grenade Mfg Plant (Destroyed by fire in Dec 47)

7. Water Pump Repair Shop

8. Hospital – a. Main Hospital Bldgs (2 stories high) b. Boiler c. Nurses Qtrs d. Ward (1 story) e. Mess Hall (1 story)

9. Theatre

10. Theatre for Stage Plays

11. Post Office

12. Korean Primary School

13. Chinese Primary School

14. Grain Polishing Mill

15. Residential Area