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보/고/서

ATIS INTERROGATION REPORT NO. 4409

FIELD REPORT (ADVATIS 0051)　24 November 1950

Talkative but not observant. He was not able to estimate distance or remember dates. He stated that the 3d degree treatment he received in the NKA prison was the cause of this inability.

He is an anti-Communist. Formerly a North Korean Security Force Sr Lt, he fled NK in Jun 48.

Born in ANTUNG (安東) MANCHURIA, 8 Jul 26. He completed Primary and Middle Schools at ANTUNG in Mar 43.

May 43 - Employed by the ANTUNG Transportation Co at ANTUNG as office clerk. Work for the above Japanese firm for 6 months until drafted by Japanese Army.

Sep 43 - Drafted into Japanese Army at ANTUNG. Assigned to KWANGTUNG Army Mechanized Unit Transportation Co at DAIREN (大連) Served as truck driven in above unit until the termination of World War 11.

During above period travelled, and stayed at the following locations:

Nov 43 CHANGCH'UN (長春) 2 months

Jan 44 MUKDEN (奉天) 3 months

Apr 44 MUTANCHANG (牡丹江) 2 months

Jun 44. HARBIN (哈爾濱) 2 months

Aug 44 MANCHOU-LI(滿洲里) 1 month

Oct 44 - Returned to unit located at DAIREN. Stayed in DAIREN until Aug 45, the termination of World War 11.

Sep 45 - Returned to his bone at ANTUNG. Stayed at home for 3 months.

Dec 45 - Entered SINUIJU (新義州), KOREA with family. Stayed 4 months.

May 46 - Stayed with relative at CH'ANGSONG (昌城) for 1 month.

Mar 47 - Volunteered into NK Security Forces at P'YONGYANG. Attended P'YONGYANG Military Institute (平壤學院) and graduated from the 3-months course.

Jun 47 - Received direct commission as Sr Lt (大慰) of the NK Security Forces and assigned to the P'YONGYANG Security Bn (平南保安大隊) at P'YONGYANG.

Jun 48 - Deserted the NK Security Bn and fled to SEOUL. He fled NK because he did not agree with Communism and had registered with the ROK Police authorities at SEOUL. He joined the North-West Youth Association (西北靑年會), an anti-Communist Organization, which was organized by youths who fled North KOREA disagreeing with the principles of Communism.

Aug 48 - Employed by AMIX (American Mission in KOREA) Transportation Section, as truck driver, at SEOUL, for 1 year.

Dec 49 - Opened his own auto repair shop at SEOUL.

2 Jul 50 - Evacuated south to SUNCH'ON (順天) as NKA occupied SEOUL.

27 Aug 50 - Captured by the NKA and turned over the NKA Political Defence Dept (政治保街部). Sent to a prison at YOSU while his past reactionary activities were investigated by the Communists.

24 Sep 50 - Sent to KWANGJU (光州) after the investigation was completed.

28 Sep 50 - While on their way to the NKA Prosecution Section at KWANGJU, the party was surrounded by US Forces who had made a landing at NAMHAE (南海) and were advancing north. The two guards fled to the mountains and PW was freed from the NKA.

8 Oct 50 - While walking back to his home in SEOUL captured by US Forces at CHONJU (全州). He was mistaken for a NKA soldier because his hair was cut while in the NKA prison.

TRANSPORTATION IN MANCHURIA:

Civilian (refugee)

Observation: In 43, prior to his induction in January Army, employed by the ANTUNG Transportation Co. He was able to travel on trucks of the above firm to areas as much as 200 km from ANTUNG.

During period Nov 43 to Aug 45, while serving with a Japanese Army Transportation Co, travelled to most of the larger cities, including DAIREN (大連), MUKDEN (奉天), CHANGCH'UN (長春), MUTANCHIANG (牡丹江), HARBIN (哈爾濱), and MANCHOULI (滿洲里), on official duties.

Roads: Roads in MANCHURIA, other than roads within the city limits, were not paved except for the road 20km N of DAIREN. Roads in SE MANCHURIA, ANTUNG-SHENG (安東省) and MUTANCHIANG-SHENG (牡丹江省), were natural stone surfaced and therefore were in better condition than roads of NW MANCHURIA, MUKDEN-SHENG (奉天省), and CHINCHOU-SHENG (錦州省), where the surface was of dirt. Southeast MANCHURIA was hilly and had a large number of small rivers, from 10 to 20 m wide and ½m deep, but northwest MANCHURIA is level with few rivers.

During the thawing season in Apr, the condition of roads in northwest MANCHURIA was much poorer than in southeast MANCHURIA as the roads were new and the dirt surface became muddy.

ANTUNG was the center of road transportation and roads from ANTUNG to CHUANGHO (莊河), MUKDEN (奉天) and TUNGHUA (區化) were most utilized. Truck transportation was faster than railway between MUKDEN and ANTUNG. The trucks trolled at an overate spend for 40 km ph.

The condition of the roads observed were as following:

1. DAIREN (大連)-LIAOYANG (遼陽)-MUKDEN (奉天). This road was paved with asphalt from DAIREN to a points 20km north. The width of this stone-dirt compact surfaced road was 6 km from DAIREN to a point 100km north and 7 meters wide from this point to MUKDEN. There were 3 large bridges, from 100 to 300 waters long, along this road, the PW was unable to remember exact locations. There were approx 15 locations were vehicles had to run through small shallow rivers where no bridges were constructed. The traffic on this road was light.

2. ANTUNG-MUKDEN-CHANGCH'UN: This stone-dirt compact road was from 7 to 9 m wide and quite straight. This was considered to be one of the best roads in MANCHURIA. There were 3 viaduct type concrete bridges, from 100 to 300 meters long, along this road, but exact locations were unknown. This road was used considerable throughout the year and was in good condition during thawing season.

3. ANTUNG-HUANJEN (桓仁)-TUNGHUA (通化): This stone dirt compact road was approx 7 m wide and utilized considerable as there were no RR facilities between these two locations. There were approx 8 wooden or concrete bridges, from 50 to 100 m long, located along this road. Vehicles also had to pass through approx 4 shallow rivers, 10 m wide, where no bridges were constructed. A ferry crossing was located at point 2 km SW of HUANJEN (桓仁). When ferries were not operable across this 300 m wide river, detour was made to the west where a bridge was located. Condition of this road because poor in Apr.

4. ANTUNG-TAPASIAN (大■山)-CHUANGHO (莊河)： This level dirt road, approx 8 km wide, was also utilized considerably as there were no RR facilities. The condition of this road became quite poor during the thawing season in Apr.

5. CHANGCH'UN-MANCHOU-LI (滿洲里): This dirt road was level and approx 10m in width.

6. CHANGCH'UN-CHILIN (吉林)-HARBIN-MUTANCHIANG: This stony road was hilly and 7 m in width.

RAILROAD:

1. FENGCHENG(風城)-"TSUGURUNPO"(■輪■): A single line RR, 60 km long, was constructed between the above towns in 1940 by a private RR firm. This RR line was constructed in order to provide transportation of the coal produced in the "TSUGURUNPO" (phonetic) Area. A single track RR spur led to the coal mines from the "TSUGURUNPO" RR Station, but he had never observed the coal mines. There were no roads between the above two towns.

2. CH'ANGTIENHOKO'U(長甸河口)-KWANTIEN(宴甸)-"TSUGURUNPO" (■輪■): Construction of a RR line between these points was started in 1938 and as of 1945 only the RR bed was completed. This RR was to be constructed in order to provide better transportation to the SHUI'FENG (水豊) Dam.

3. ANTUNG-CHAHGCH'UN: The Russians removed the rails from this double line RR line in Sep 45, and it is now a single line. He heard that the removed rails were shipped toward MUTANCHIANG. However; the above single line RR was in good condition as of Sep 45.

STRATEGIC TARGETS IN MANCHURIA:

AIRFIELDS:

1. KUANTIEN (寬甸)

Observation: Entered this former Japanese Airfield in early Sep 45 on two occasions.

Location: The Airfield was located 4 km S of the KUANTIEN town and 2 km E of KUANTIEN-ANTUNG road.

Area: The airfield was approx round, 800 m in diameter, and did not any fence or boundary markers.

Surface and Runway. The airfield surface was flat and covered with grass 20 cm high. No paved runway observed. A dirt E-W landing strip 250 x 80 m was located on the central portion of the field.

Facilities: Three single story wooden administration or billet buildings, 15 x 8 x 7 m, with tile gabled roofs were located on the N portion of the field. A windsock pole 20 m high with a red and white windsock 5 m long was located S of the above buildings. No other facilities observed.

Aircraft and activities: Twin engine 12 passenger Japanese transport aircraft landed on this field three times per week before the termination of World War II. In Sep 45, a single engine Russian fighter plane, type unidentified, made a landing on this field and took off after 2 hours.

Miscellaneous: The airfield had room to expand from 1,000 to 6,000 m in all directions.

2. HUANJEN (桓仁) AIRFIELD

Observation: Entered this Japanese Airfield in Jul 43 on one occasion.

Location: The airfield was located 2 km NE of the HUANJEN town area and approx 6 km E of the ANTUNG-TUNGHUA road.

Area: The airfield was fairly round and was 650 m in diameter. Did not have any fence or boundary markers.

Surface and Runway: The airfield surface was flat and covered with grass 20 cm high. No paved runway observed. PW observed aircraft making a landing, form north to south, on the grassy field.

Facilities: Two single story wooden, possibly administration, buildings, 15 x 8 x 7 m, with tile gabled roofs were located on the W portion of the airfield. A windsock pole 25 m high with a blue windsock 5 m long, was located E of above buildings. No other facilities observed.

Aircraft and Activities: Twin engine 12 passenger Japanese planes landed on this field three times per week. No single engine aircraft observed (Jul 43). Heard that the above twin-engine aircraft made three scheduled liaison flights from MUKDEN to HUANJEN (桓仁) to KUANTIEN, and back to MUKDEN.

Miscellaneous: The airfield had room to expand to the N W and S.

POWER PLANTS:

SHUI'FENG (水豊) (Hearsay Sep 45)

Heard from a laborer who came from SUP'UNG, that this Japanese hydro-electric power plant was equipped with a total of six generators, of which four were made in JAPAN and two made in GERMANY. This laborer told PW at KUANTIEN in Sep 45 that the 2 German-made generators were removed, crated, and shipped to RUSSIA from this plant by Russian soldiers in Aug 45.

Power was supplied to ANTUNG, DAIREN (大連), FENGCHENG (風城) and ANSHAN (鞍山) Areas from this power plant

HUANJEN (桓仁) Obs: Jul 43

Observed a hydro-electric power plant being constructed by the Japanese, from a distance of 1,000 m at HUANJEN in Jul 48.

Location: The power plant was located 4 km SE of the HUANJEN town area and 4 km E of the ANTUNG-TUNGHUA road. The power plant was constructed on the south bank of the westward flowing HUNCHIANG (浪江) River, 300 m wide.

Facilities: A dam 300 m wide and 50 m high was constructed on the HUNCHIANG River 90% of the construction of the dam was completed and workers were still observed on the dam. A large building and approximately 20 possible billets, dimensions unknown, were located on the south bank of the river. A transformer yard was located south of the large building. No further information due to distance of observation.

ABESTOS MINE at HSIAOHU'ANG-KOU (小充溝)：

Observation: Entered this Japanese mine area on one occasion in June 42.

Location: HSIAOHUANG-KOU is a small village located 52 km SE of KUANTIEN (寬甸). The mining area was located 3 Km N of HSIAOHUANG-KOU town in a hilly area.

Area: The mine covered an approx 100 x 100 m area. There were 5 underground vertical mine shafts located in the area. The shafts were approx 10 m in diameter and 25 m deep. The asbestos one was dug with picks and dynamite.

Production: This mine was the largest asbestos mine area in South MANCHURIA but could not estimate the production figure.

Transportation: The products of the mine transported by trucks on approx every other day to the bank of the YALU River. From here it was transported by water to industrial plants in the ANTUNG Area.

Labor Force: This mine employed approx 800 Manchurian laborers as of Jan 42.

Miscellaneous: Had no knowledge of this mine after termination of World War II.

For the Commanding Officer: