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보/고/서

ATIS INTERROGATION REPORT NO. 4321

FIELD REPORT (ADVATIS - 0044)　23 October 1950

PW was cooperative but not very intelligent. Reliability - poor.

Apr 36-Jan 50: Resided in MUKDEN, MANCHURIA.

Jun 46: Enlisted in People’s Liberation Army, Independent Inf Regt. Stationed in MUKDEN.

Jan 50: Repatriated to N. KOREA

A. Relief: The city is situated on a flat plain with no irregularities in terrain as far as the horizon. The HUN River flows from east to west on the southern outskirts of the city.

B. Drainage: The only river in the vicinity of MUKDEN is the HUN River.

Average width of water flow: 200 meters

Rate of flow: 3 kmph

Average depth: 1.5 meter

Deepest point: 2 meters

Shallowest point: .7 meter

River bed: Sandy, soft

Overall width (bank to bank) average: 300 meters

Nature of banks: gently sloping, sandy, loosely packed

Freezes: Early Dec Thaws: Mid-Mar Average thickness of ice: 10 cm

Navigability: Unknown Fordability: Possible at most points for man only

C. Soil: Soil in the area was dark brown in color mixed with a small quantity of sand. Thickness of the topsoil was about one meter, under which the ground was composed of sand. During dry seasons, the ground was sufficiently firm to permit vehicular traffic but since the entire area is under cultivation, vehicular traffic was not possible after heavy rains. The soil was sufficiently firm and seepage was adequate to permit vehicular traffic two days after heavy rains. The ground begins to freeze in mid-November. Depth to which ground freezes is not known. The ground begins to thaw in mid-Mar and thaws completely by the early part of April.

D. Natural Vegetation: The area was covered by a verdant growth of grass and weeds which usually reached a height of 50 cm. Type of grass is not known. There are no natural growths of trees in the area.

E. Climate: No information on temperatures.

Rainy season: Mid-May to mid Jun. Amount of rainfall unk. No irrigation was necessary for crops since rainfall was sufficient.

Snow: Snow begins to fall in mid-Nov and falls until mid Mar.

Average depth: 15 cm, drifts: 40 cm, thaw: Mid Mar

Railway: No information is available on rail network or rail traffic. All rail facilities damaged by the war were immediately repaired. Source of materials unknown. No new facilities were constructed. Rail traffic ran exactly on schedule. All railroad equipment was of Japanese manufacture. Equipment was kept in excellent repair. The majority of the railroad employees were Chinese but there were several Japanese technicians.

Highway: No information.

The population of the city was 2,000,000 according to the official release of Jan 50. All of the residents were Chinese with the exception of an estimated 10,000 Koreans, 200 Japanese, and 100 White Russians. The Koreans were not repatriated after the war, but the majority of the Japanese and other foreign nationals were repatriated or deported with the exception of the technicians. The large part of the White Russian population were deported to RUSSIA for political crimes after the end of World War II.

There was considerable friction between the Chinese and the Koreans and the people lived in separate communities. The Japanese technicians were well treated by the Chinese. The government has been using propaganda as a means to educate the Chinese into accepting the Koreans as their equals. There have not been any race riots.

The economy of the city is primarily dependent upon small business enterprises, textile mills, munitions plants, etc. An estimated one-third of the population are employed in the various factories, and the remaining two-thirds of the population are employed by small business enterprises. The number of railroad employees and municipal workers is negligible.

Since the city is situated in the heart of a farming district, there was an abundant supply of food. Prices were reasonable and most if not all of the people had no financial problems. There was no rationing of food and clothing. The more scarce items such as sugar were readily available. Some of the prices of commodities and wages paid in Jan 50 are as follows on the next page.

Prices: 1 kg rice : 12,000 Yuan

1kg sugar, white : 30,000 〃

1 ⅓ lb beef : 18,000 〃

1 cotton shirt average quality : 100,000 〃

1 pr leather shoes : 2,000,000 〃

1 pr leather boots : 2,300,000 〃

1 ticket to movie theater : 10,000 〃

Wages:

Physician : 5,000,000 Yuan per month

Lathe operator : 3,000,000 〃 〃 〃

Unskilled labor : 2,000,000 〃 〃 〃

Office worker : 3,000,000 〃 〃 〃

Truck driver : 3,500,000 〃 〃 〃

Middle school teacher : 3,000,000 〃 〃 〃

There are no price controls or wage payment scales, consequently prices fluctuated daily as much as 3,000 Yuan. Prices were climbing considerably in 1950. No attempt was made to increase the value of or devalue the currency.

Economic

Munitions Plant (Hearsay)

Location: 6 km SSW of N MUKDEN RR sta

The munitions plant was formerly known as the “MAMPI” Munitions factory. The plant was producing small arms ammunition (hearsay) in Jan 50. No details are available. The plant was the largest industrial installation in MUKDEN. The plant was not damaged in World War II. PW heard that all of the technicians were Japanese.

SUCHIAT’UN: (蔬■屯) Textile mills

Location: 1 km S of MUKDEN RR sta

The above mill was the largest textile mill in MUKDEN. Observation was made from a distance so details are not known. The plant was not damaged during the World War II.

Locomotive Repair Shop

Location: 2 km W of S MUKDEN RR sta

Observation was made from a distance so interior details are not known. PW heard that locomotive parts were being manufactured. The shop was in operation 24 hours per day.

No information.

N MUKDEN Airfield

Location: (AMS Map 1541 Dtd 1945 grid 170-670) Obs Jun 48

No details are available except that the airfield was being used by the CCF airforce in 1950 (hearsay). PW observed about three twin engine aircraft in flight over MUKDEN in Jan 50. No other information available.

For the Commanding Officer: