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ATIS INTERROGATION REPORT NO 4310

FIELD REPORT (ADVATIS - 0016)　15 October 1950

PW was of average intelligence and cooperative. His knowledge of educational system in MANCHURIA was limited to Elementary School and Middle School. He knew little concerning education on a national level, functions of the various educational organs, etc.

The highest organ for education was the Department of Education (文部省) located in CHANGCHUN. Under this were eighteen Bureaus of Education (敎育部); one in every province (省). Under this came the Education Section (敎育課), one in each Prefecture (縣). An Education Division (敎育把) was located in every village.

As of the above date, the 6-4-3-3 system was in use. However, there was no compulsory education.

In rural areas, out of 1,000 children who completed Elementary School, 100 went to Intermediate School for 4 years of studies. This low rate was due more to financial difficulties than anything else. Of the 100 who graduated Intermediate School, only 2 or 3 went on to higher schools. It is very rare when anyone from the rural areas went on to college.

The educational level in the urban areas was considerably higher. Out of 1,000, about 500 went on to complete 4 years of Intermediate School. About 250 students then went on to higher schools. This drop to half was attributed to financial difficulties and stiff entrance examination because of the shortage of schools. About 100 from the original 1,000 went on to complete college.

Each Province had one higher school. Each Prefecture had one Middle School or infrequently, two.

Elementary School children paid on the average a monthly tuition of 5,000 YUAN. These students purchased all their school necessities, textbooks cost from 10,000 YUAN to 30,000 YUAN.

The monthly tuition fee of Intermediate School students was 25,000 YUAN and up. They also paid an entrance fee which was set according to family income, usually at least 1,000,000 YUAN.

Elementary Schools had two kinds of parent-teachers associations, the Father Association (學父會) and the Mother Association (子母會). It seemed these associations were established primarily to aid the school whenever it was in financial difficulty.

All teachers and instructors were screened and selected by the Prefectural Education Section. However, from the latter part of 47, practically all formerly purged instructors, Manchurians and Koreans as well as Japanese, were re-established in their former position due to the almost catastrophic effect the purge had on the educational system.

Through 49, schools were conducted in Manchurian, Korean and Japanese, depending upon the predominant nationality in the particular school. Japanese schools were established by the Japanese Communist Party which worked in conjunction with the various educational boards. All schools, regardless of language or nationality were under the immediate control of the Prefectural Education Section.

For the Commanding Officer: