ATIS INTERROGATION REPORT NO. 4157 23 March 1951
FIELD REPORT (164 MISDI 1703) 18 March 1951
| PW NAME: | LIU, Ch’i Liang (劉啓良) |
| RANK: | Pvt (戰士) |
| ORGN: | CCF 3d Field Army, 9th Army Group, 26th Army, 77th Div, 264th Regt, 1st Bn, 3d Co, 3d Plat, 7th Sqd |
| DUTIES: | Rifleman |
| EDUCATION: | None |
| AGE: | 30 |
| OCCUPATION: | Farmer |
| ADDRESS: | HONAN SHENG, HWAIYANG HSIEN, LIU LOU CHUANG (河南省 淮陽縣 留■庄) |
| DATE & PLACE OF CAPTURE: | 180300 I Mar 51 in the vic of CS430672 by the 1st Bn, 24th RCT. |
| INTERROGATOR: | TMO |
PW was obviously cooperative but he seemed to have difficulty in remembering exact details, especially dates.
Information considered reliable because PW managed to present it with a degree of preciseness and clarity.
a. Chronology:
Conscripted by CNA Aug 35 at HUNAN SHENG, CHONGCHOU, and assigned to 25th Route Army. Engaged in numerous activities as a Warrant Officer in the CNA until PW unit (CNA, 51st Army, 41st Div) surrendered May 49 at SHANGHAI.
May 49 PW was taken prisoner by 30th CCF Army and integrated into CCF 88th Div, 30th Army, at SHANGHAI.
Between May 49 to June 50 88th Div (30th Army) was in SHANGHAI undergoing political indoctrination and recruiting replacement troops.
June 50 30th Army was deactivated and 88th Division was assigned to 26th Army, 9th Army Group, 3d Field Army. Other divisions of deactivated 30th Army were integrated into CCF Navy and a newly activated airborne unit. PW heard that this airborne unit was to consist of 4 regiments. The unit was supposed to have had Soviet instructors and was heard to be training at KAIFENG (開封) and HARBIN.
Aug 50, 88th Division joined 26th Army, 9th Army Group, 3d Field Army, prior to moving to SHANTUNG (山東).
9th Army Group (20th, 26th and 27th Armies) arrived SHANTUNG 25 Sep 50. After a week’s rest 9th Army Group traveled by rail to MUKDEN, arriving 1 Oct 50. It required approximately 5 days for all elements of 9th Army Group to assemble at MUKDEN. 9th Army Group was in MUKDEN area until 5 Oct 50. During this period, issued new clothing, equipment, and ammo. The troops were told that they were going to KOREA as a volunteer unit.
20th Army departed for KOREA 15 Oct 50; 27th Army departed 20 Oct 50; and 25th Army departed 25 Oct 50.
26th Army traveled for two days by rail and arrived ANTUNG 27 Oct 50. Same date, for some unknown reason, 26th Army returned to MUKDEN by rail and traveled eastward to LIN CHIANG (臨江) arriving 2 Nov 50.
26th Army was in LIN CHIANG until 9 Nov 50. During the period, troops were each issued 5 day rations. Prior to departing LIN CHIANG, PW heard that 20th and 27th Armies had previously passed through LIN CHIANG.
9 No 50, 26th Army began its movement across YALU River into North KOREA with 88th Division in the lead followed by 76th, 78th and 77th Divisions. By 100500 Nov 50, 26th Army completed its crossing.
10 Nov 50, 76th, 77th, 78th and 88th Divisions marched through HOHADONG (CB1718), CHASONG (CA0493), CHANGJIN (CV5171), KOTORI (CV5660) and to YONGHONG (CU4979) (By-passing HAMHUNG).
De 50 26th Army made contact with 20th and 27th Armies in vicinity of KOTORI air strip and attempted an envelopment manuever:
88th Division had never been committed in combat.
26th Army was in YONGHUNG area for several days and marched southward to KOWON (CU4966). 26th Army was in KOWON until 6 Feb 51. Between Jan 51 to 5 Feb 51 26th Army reorganized and 88th Division was deactivated. The 3 Regiments of 88th Div were assigned to 76th, 77th and 78th Divisions as replacements.
6 Feb 51 26th Army departed KOWON, passing through MAJON NI (CU3829), SIBYON NI (BT9941), YONCHON (CT3118) and arrived POCHON (CS4494) 20 Feb 51. At POCHON 3 divisions were broken up into 3 separate groups, travelling in different directions. 21 Feb 51 77th Div marched to UIJONGBU (CS2878) prior to breaking up into individual regiments.
77th Div was advance element of 26th Army.
From UIJONGBU, 264th and 203d Regiments marched to 8 km north of KUMGONG NI (CS4367), arriving 3 Mar 51.
3 Mar 51 to 18 Mar 51, 203d and 264th Regiments constructed defensive positions in preparation for an expected UN thrust.
15 Mar 51 1st Bn of 264th Regt received 20 (Sic) grenades per man and a limited amount of small arms ammo.
17 Mar 51, PW deserted his unit and made his way to KUMGONG NI to surrender to US troops.
b. Location and Activities of Unit: (as of 18 Mar 51)
1st Bn (264th Regt) and 7th Company of 203d Regt were 8 km north of KUMGONG NI (CS4367) as of 18 Mar 51.
203d Regt was 2 km west of 1st Bn position.
An unknown North Korean unit was on flank (east) of 1st Bn.
3d Bn of 264th Regt was approximately 1500 meters north of 1st Bn.
2 regiments of 77th Division were in the rear and to the north of 203d and 264th Regiments.
The mission of 77th Div was to defend present position at all costs.
Jan 51, PW heard (from Company Political Officer) that a Mechanized Unit of unknown strength was enroute to KOREA and that it will arrive in time for Spring Offensive (5th Phase).
Approximately 30 boxtype AT mines were planted on secondary road adjacent to 1st Battalion’s position.
77th Division has been in above area since 3 Mar 51.
Each foxhole in 1st Bn area was claimed to have 20 grenades.
Defense position of 1st Bn (264th Regt) is illustrated in Inclosure #1.
c. T/O & B and Strength:
3d Field Army: 7th, 8th, and 9th Army Groups, and other units.
9th Army Group: 20th, 26th, and 27th Armies, Mt Howitzer Unit, Security Guard Regt, Field Hospital Unit and other units.
Mt Howitzer Unit was larger than a Regt yet smaller than a division.
26th Army: 76th, 77th, 78th and 88th Rifle Divisions, Howitzer Regt, Security Bn, Medical Bn, and other units.
88th Div was deactivated 5 Feb 51 and its troops were placed in 76th, 77th and 78th Divisions as replacements.
77th Division: 203d Rifle Regiment, 2 unidentified Rifle Regiments, and 264th Rifle Regt, Howitzer Bn, Security Guard Bn, Recon Co, Signal Co and other attached units.
The 264th Rifle Regt was formerly of the 88th Division.
264th Rifle Regt: 1st and 3d Rifle Battalions, Medical Unit, Signal Plat, Recon Plat, Telephone Unit, and other units.
The 2d Bn was annihilated at KOWON (CU4966) Jan 51.
1st Battalion: 1st, 2d, 3d Rifle companies, and HMG Company.
3d Company: 1st, 2d and 3d Platoons.
3d Platoon: 7th, 8th and 9th Squads.
Squad: 8 to 9 men
| 3d Plat, 3d Co, 1st Bn, 264th Regiment: | Original (Nov 50) | Present (18 Mar 51) |
| EM | 35 | 21 |
| Officers | 2 | 1 |
| Equipment & ammo: | ||
| LMG (Canadian & US) | 3 (500 rd per) | 3 (2,000 rd per) |
| SMG (US) | 3 (50 rd per) | 3 (50 rd per) |
| Rifles, (Jap, US, & Chinese) | 17 (80 rd per) | 17 (80 rd) |
| Carbine (US) | 1 (75 rd per) | 1 (75 rd per) |
| Grenades | 4 per man | 20 per man |
| AT Grenades (gasoline filled) | 0 | 5 |
| 3d Co, 1st Bn, 264th Regt: | ||
| EM | 139 | 119 |
| Officers | 11 | 11 |
| Equipment & ammo: | ||
| Bangalore torpedoes | 6 | 4 |
| Pistols (make unk) | 4 (10 rd ea) | 4 (10 rd ea) |
| Pistols | 2 (40 rd ea) | 2 (40 rd ea) |
| Other weapons previously mentioned above. | ||
| Heavy Weapons Company: | ||
| Equipment & ammo: | ||
| Mortars, 82mm (Chinese) | 4 | 4 |
| Mortars, 60mm (US) | 2 | 2 |
| HMG (Maxim) | 4 | 4 |
| Grenades | ||
| Carbines (US) | 0 | 6 |
| 1st Battalion | ||
| EM | 452 | |
| Officers | 48 | |
| Equipment & ammo: | ||
| Same as above | ||
| 264th Regiment: | ||
| EM & Officers | 1,500 | Approx 700 |
| Equipment & ammo: | ||
| Field Phones (make unk) | ||
| Wireless Sets | ||
| AT mines | 0 | 30 |
| Other equipment & ammo mentioned above. | ||
| 77th Division: | ||
| Equipment & ammo: | ||
| Howitzers (Chinese make, cal unknown) | Unknown | 6 |
| Truck, 1/4 ton | 1 | 1 |
d. Personalities:
CHANG, Feng Tzu (張風子), CG, 25th Army.
HWANG, (fnu) (黃), CO, 264th Regt, 77th Div.
Personalities limited to the above because PW was a replacement from deactivated 88th Division.
e. Replacements:
5 Feb 51, 88th Division of 26th Army was deactivated at KOWON (CU4966) and troops were integrated into 76th, 77th, and 78th Divisions as replacements.
PW was told by his company political officer that a special detail from 26th Army departed for MANCHURIA Jan 51 to return with replacement troops.
f. Food, Ammo and Other Supplies:
26th Army has never received food supplies from CHINA. Food is confiscated from villages and towns through which the Army passes.
15 Mar 51, PW Bn received approximately 20 grenades per man. 18 Mar 51 each rifleman had approximately 80 rd each.
g. Artillery, Armor and Aircraft:
2 howitzer (size unk) positions in Inclosure #1.
6 Feb 51, the PW saw 1 T-34 tank operated by a North Korean at YONGHUNG.
h. Signal:
Company to Battalion level: Runners and field phones.
Battalion to Regiment: Runners and field phones
Regiment to Division: Field phones and wireless.
Division to Army: Field phones and wireless.
Flares were used for tactical purposes only (to denote start of attack usually).
Bugles were used for non-tactical purposes; but in the event that runners and telephone communication failed, bugles were used over short distances.
Whistles were used at platoon level only.
i. Medical:
No communicable disease was observed in 26th Army.
When 264th Div was in KOTO RI air strip area approximately 1/3 of troops suffered from frozen feet. (Between Dec 50 to 1 Jan 51).
Medical treatment for frozen feet was not available.
No inoculations against communicable diseases have been administered.
j. Psychological Warfare:
PW surrendered 18 Mar 51 because he was disgusted with CCF ever since entering KOREA.
15 Mar 51, PW picked up a propaganda leaflet dropped by US aircraft and deserted his unit on the night of 17 Mar 51.
PW has never heard troops discuss leaflets.
For the AC of S, G-2:
HONG
Inclosure No. 1 to 164-MISDI-1703
Illustrated defense position for 1st Bn (264th Regt)
Location: 8 km North of KUMGONG-NI (CS4367)
SYMBOLS:
#1 - 1st Co Defense Area
#2 - 3d Co Defense Area
#3 - 7th Co Defense Area
#4 - 2 x Howitzers
#5 - 2d Co Area (in Deserve)
#6 - 1st Bn Hq (CP)
#7 - HMG Co Position
#8 - Bn Ammo Dump
x - AT Mines (50 meter interval)
-- - Defense Positions
x-x - HMG and Mortar Position
o-o - Trail
