ATIS INTERROGATION REPORT NO. 3876 8 March 1951
FIELD REPORT (164 MISDI 1632) 2 March 1951
| PW NAME: | TENG, Chuan Yu (鄧全有) (CCF) |
| RANK: | Asst Squad Leader (副班長) |
| ORGANIZATION: | HWAFEI Army Area, 20th Army Group, 66th Army, 197th Div, 591st Regt, 2d Bn, BW Co, 3rd Plat (82mm Mortar), 7th Sqd (華北軍区 20軍團 66軍 197師 591■ 2營機砲■ 3■ 7班) |
| DUTIES: | Asst Squad Leader |
| EDUCATION: | 3 years |
| OCCUPATION: | Drygood Vendor |
| ADDRESS: | HUPEI SHENG, HSIANG YANG HSIEN, HSIAO PEI MEN WAI (湖北省 襄陽縣 小北門外) |
| DATE AND PLACE OF CAPTURE: | 231400 I Feb 51 at KOKHYO RI (DS 1045) by US 1st Marines. |
| INTERROGATOR: | HN |
Cooperative and freely volunteered information. Information seems reliable.
a. Chronology:
Inducted into CNA 1944 at HUPEI SHENG (湖北省) and assigned to CNA 92d Army, 56th Division.
15 May 45, 92d Army arrived HUNAN SHENG (湖南省).
Sep 45, arrived HANKOU (漢口) where PW and elements of 92d Army flew to PEIKING (北京) where Army engaged CCF Units.
Dec 47, 56th Division arrived LIAO HIS SHENG (遼西省) and again engaged CCF Units.
Feb 48, Division returned PEKING and engaged CCF Units.
Dec 49, 92d, 16th, 13th, 30th, and 35th CNA Armies surrendered en masse to CCF Units at PEIKING.
After receiving 3 months training (political) at PEKING, PW was assigned to CCF 66th Army 1 Jan 50. 66th Army believed to have been organized Jan 50 with troops of CNA 92d Army. 66th Army was engaged in farming in PEKING - TIENTSIN (天淳) Area from Jan 50 to Oct 50.
23 Oct 50, Army departed TIENTSIN area and travelled by train to ANTUNG (安東), arriving 28 Oct 50.
28 Oct 50, crossed YALU River from ANTUNG into SINUIJU (XE1839) and marched to KUSONG (XE9328), arriving 8 Nov 50. 15 Nov 50, departed KUSONG and marched southward through mountainous terrain (passing a place approx 30 km east of P’YONGYANG, to 27 km west of WONSAN (CU6635). After resting for 4 days, departed and marched through KUMHWA (CT6039), and arrived north of 38th Parallel near KUMHWA 1 Jan 51.
9 Jan 51, arrived CHUNCHON (CS8893) area.
8 Feb 51, arrived HONGCHON (DS0372) area.
17 Feb 51, 591st Regt, 197th Div, 66th Army arrived KUMAN NI (CS1876) to defend a mountain in this area. 23 Feb 51, UN Units attacked this position. PW and three others surrendered as the troops guarding the position fled and exposed PW company (BW Co, 2nd Bn, 591st Regt) position 231400 Feb 51 at KOKKYO RI (DS1045).
b. Location and Activities of Unit:
The mission of 591st Regiment 23 Feb 51 was defense of a hill near KUMAN NI (CS1876). This position was attacked by UN Forces 23 Feb 51 and CCF Units dispersed and fled.
Only 66th Army of the HWAPEI Army Area was said to be in KOREA at present.
c. T/O & E and Strength of Units:
HWAPEI Army Area: 18th, 19th, and 20th Army Groups.
20th Army Group: 66th, 67th, and 68th Armies.
66th Army: 196th, 197th, and 198th Divisions, 1 Security Bn, 1 Artillery Bn, 1 Supply Unit, and other unknown units.
197th Division: 589th, 590th, and 591st Rifle Regiments, 1 Artillery B, 1 Heavy Mortar Co, Security Co, 1 Supply Unit, and other unknown units.
591st Regiment: 1st, 2d and 3d Rifle Battalions, 1 Security Co, 1 82mm Mortar Co, 1 Supply Unit, and 1 Signal Platoon.
2d Battalion: 4th, 5th, and 6th Rifle Companies and 1 Heavy Weapons Company.
Heavy Weapons Co: 1st and 2d MG Platoon and 3d Mortar Platoon.
| Mortar Platoon (3d), H■ Co, 2d Bn, 591st Regiment | ||
| Original (28 Oct 50) | Present (28 Feb 51) | |
| EM and Officers | 43 | 30 |
| Equipment and ammo: | ||
| 82mm Mortars | 2 (30 rd per) | 0 |
| Pistol, Machina (make unknown) | 1 (50 rd per) | 1 (rd unknown) |
| Rifle (M-38 Japanese) | 1 (100 rd per) | 1 (1000 rd per) |
| The 82mm Mortars were made in the CHILIN (吉林) Arsenal. These mortars were destroyed by US troops that overran unit area 23 Feb 51. | ||
| 80% of the personnel losses were caused by UN air strikes. | ||
| Other losses were the result of illness and exposure. | ||
| H■ Company, 2d Bn, 591st Regiment | ||
| EM and officers | 130 | 110 |
| Equipment and ammo: | ||
| HMG (Maxia) | 4 (200 rd per) | 2 (rd unk) |
| Rifles (M-38 Japanese) | 3 (100 rd per) | 3 (100 rd per) |
| Pistols, Machine (make unknown) | 4 (rd unk) | 4 (rd unk) |
| 2 HMG were destroyed by UN artillery. | ||
| Personnel losses were caused chiefly by UN air strikes. | ||
| 2nd Battalion, 591st Regiment | ||
| EM and Officers | 500 | 300 |
| Equipment and ammo: | ||
| LMG (made in China) | 12 | Unk |
| 60mm Mortars | 6 (30 rd per) | Unk |
| SMG (formerly used by CNA) | 27 (rd unk) | Unk |
| Hand Grenades | 4 per man | Unk |
| Rifles (M-38 Jap) | 300 (100 rd per) | Unk |
| Signal Pistol | 4 | Unk |
| Personnel losses were caused chiefly by UN air strikes and artillery | ||
| 591st Regiment | ||
| EM and Officers | 2,000 (approx) | 1,300 |
| Equipment and ammo: | ||
| 82mm Mortar (made in CHILIN, CHINA) | 6 (30 rd per) | Unk |
| Wireless Transceiver | 1 | Unk |
| Telephone | 8 | Unk |
| Horse | 15 | Unk |
| Personnel losses were caused chiefly by UN air and artillery. | ||
d. Personalities:
YANG, (fnu) (楊), CG, HWAPEI Army Area.
CHEN, (fnu) (陳), CG, 197th Division
LIU, (fnu) (劉), CO, 591st Regiment.
YANG, (fnu) (楊), CO, 2nd Bn, 591st Regiment
FENG, (fnu) (冯), CO, HW Co, 2nd Bn, 591st Regt. Joined Unit Aug 50.
e. Replacements:
Rumors that replacements for CCF Units in KOREA were arriving was wide spread, but the PW never saw or heard of any replacements actually arriving.
f. Food, Ammo, and Other Supplies:
Food was procured locally by CCF Units. All available food from each village that the unit occupied were used. Food was generally insufficient.
The 591st Regiment never received ammo since entering KOREA.
g. Signal:
Companies and higher echelons used telephones for communication. Lower units used messengers (runners).
Signal guns used only red flares. 2 shots in the air signified, start the march; and 3 shots signified, stop the march. PW believes that the signals were changed frequently.
h. Morale and Battle Effectiveness:
Morale of the 591st Regiment troops was low because most of the troops were former CNA soldiers. Constant threat of air attacks had a demoralizing effect on the troops.
i. Medical:
Approx 20% of 591st Regiment were suffering from eye trouble. These troops could not see at dusk and were blinded by snow. Approx 50% of the troops were suffering from frozen feet. For treatment, Chinese Herbists’ Paste (KAOYA) was applied. These troops remained with the unit.
Many troops were suffering from headache and diarrhea.
j. Psychological Warfare:
PW and 3 others surrendered because infantry troops guarding their position fled.
Never saw any UN leaflets.
Was told by his friends that UN aircraft were dropping leaflets, but he did not notice their reactions.
For the AC of S, G-2:
HONG
