ATIS INTERROGATION REPORT NO 3798 6 March 1951
FIELD REPORT (164 MISDI 1620) 27 February 1951
| PW NAME: | CHANG, Lien Chun (張連軍) (CCF) |
| RANK: | Pvt |
| ORGN: | 66th Army, 196th Div, 588th Regt, 2nd Bn, HMG Co, 3rd Plat, 7th Sqd |
| DUTIES: | Ammo bearer |
| EDUCATION: | Primary School, 2 yr |
| AGE: | 20 |
| OCCUPATION: | Farmer |
| ADDRESS: | TUNG PEI LIAO HSI SHENG, FU HSIN HSIEN, SHIH, SSUCHU MIN CHU TSUN ( ) |
| DATE & PLACE OF CAPTURE: | 211500 I Feb 51 at WONJU (DS 0734) |
| INTERROGATOR: | CHS |
2. ASSESSMENT: PW cooperative. Place names and dates of travel were doubtful at times. Nevertheless, information appears to be reliable.
a. Personal and Unit History:
Inducted into the CNA 13th Army in Feb 47 at JE HOL SHENG (熱河省). Received 6 months of infantry training.
CNA 13th Army surrendered to the CCF in Feb 49 at PEIKING (北京). PW underwent one month of political indoctrination.
During March 49, CNA 13th Army was designated as the CCF 66th Army at PEIKING, SUNHOCHEN (北京 孫和鎭). Officers were all CCF personnel with two CCF soldiers in each squad acting as Sqd Ldr and Asst Sqd Ldr. CNA weapons were taken by the 4th Field Army, and model 38 type (Jap) rifles were distributed to the man in exchange.
Placed into 3rd Sqd, 1st Plat, 5th Rifle Co, 2nd Bn, 588th Regt, 196th Div, 66th Army. Underwent more than four months of basic training and indoctrination at TIENCHIN (天津) and also cultivated land for an additional four months.
66th Army left TIENCHIN in Nov 50 by train and arrived at TUNG PEI, LIAO TUNG SHENG, NANTUNGSHIH (東北 遼寧省 南東市) during Nov 50. Rested for four days. Here, placed into 7th Sqd, 3rd Plat, HMG Co, 2nd Bn, 588th Regt, 196th Div, 66th Army.
66th Army left TUNG PEI LIAO TUNG SHENG, NAN TUNG SHIH Nov 50 on foot, crossed the YALU River, and arrived at SINUIJU (XE2040) Nov 50.
Left SINUIJU on foot in Nov 50 and arrived NAMSI (XE9117) where it rested for 15 days.
Left NAMSI on foot during Dec 50 and arrived KUMHWA (CT6039) Dec 50 after by-passing P’YONGYANG.
Left KUMHWA on foot in Dec 50 and arrived at 38th parallel in Dec 50. Here, rested for 3 days.
Arrived at place of capture 17 Feb 51 after engaging ROK troops on two occasions.
PW voluntarily surrendered 27 Feb 51.
b. Location and Activities of Unit: (as of 19 Feb 51)
Mission of 2nd Bn was to prevent UN forces from passing main road which leads to SEOUL (in their sector) for 10 days. This was because other CCF units were resting in the rear, awaiting ammo and replacements for next CCF attack which is to take place within two months. Believed that each battalion would be rotated after 10 days of this duty.
c. T/O & E and Strength:
66th Army: 196th, 197th, 198th Divisions, Motor Transportation Unit, Mt Gun Bn, Field Hospital, Signal Bn, Staff Section (參課處), Ordnance Dept (軍戎處), Supply Dept, Political Dept, Signal Co (a Cav Unit), Wireless Unit, Guard Bn, Intelligence Co.
196th Div: 586th, 587th, 588th Regiments, Transportation (horse-cart) Unit, Guard Co, Medical Unit, Operations Dept (管理處), Signal Unit, Liaison Plat (messengers).
588th Regt: 3 Battalions, Recon Co, Stretcher Plat, 82mm Mortar Co, Transportation Plat, Signal Plat, Liaison Plat.
2nd Bn: 3 Rifle Companies, HMG Co, Liaison Sqd.
HMG Co: 3 HMG Platoons
Platoon: 3 Sqd
Rifle Co: 4 Rifle Platoons
Rifle Plat: 3 Rifles Squads
Code Names:
66th Army: FENG HUA PU (奉化部)
196th Div: YUN SHA PU (雲山部)
588th Regt: 23 PU (二三部)
2nd Bn: 2 TA TUI (二大隊)
| 3rd HMG Plat: | Original(Nov 50) | Present(19 Feb 51) |
| EM | 45 | 22 |
| Officers | 2 | 2 |
| Difference in personnel was due to frost bite cases and KIA. | ||
| Equipment & ammo: | ||
| HMG(Maxim) | 2 (2,000rd) | 1 |
| Grenades | 2 per man | |
| Model 38 Rifles | 2 (100 rd ea) | 2 |
| HMG Company: | ||
| EM | 140 | 60 |
| Officers | 10 | 10 |
| Equipment & ammo: | ||
| Pistols | 2 | 2 |
| Rifle Company: | ||
| EM & Officers | 125 | 60 |
| Equipment & ammo: | ||
| Model 38 type rifles | Unknown | Unknown |
| LMG (Chinese) | 6 (1,500 rd) | 2 |
| 60mm Mortars (US) | 3(30 rd ea) | 1 |
| Grenades | 5 per man | |
| Anti-tank ground mines (Chinese) | 9 | Unknown |
| 2nd Battalion: | ||
| Officers & EM | Approx 500 | 300 |
| 82mm Mortar Co: | ||
| EM & Officers | 160 | Approx 90 |
| Equipment & ammo: | ||
| 82mm Mortars (US) | 6 (40 rd ea) | 4 |
| Grenades | 2 per man | |
| Model 38 type rifles | 6 (100 rd ea) | Unknown |
| Signal Company (Cav): | ||
| Officers & EM | 80 | Unknown |
| Equipment & ammo: | ||
| Model 38 type rifles | Unk (100 rd ea) | Unknown |
| Cav Unit performed escort duties for the Army CG, and also maintained liaison between Army and Divisions. (Documents were chiefly carried by the Cav.) | ||
| Mt Gun Battalion: | ||
| Officers & EM | 600 | Unknown |
| Equipment & ammo: | ||
| Mt Guns (Jap) | 9 | 〃 |
| Transportation Unit, 66th Army: | ||
| Never saw any but had heard that it had 70 Japanese and US trucks. | ||
| 588th Regiment: | ||
| EM & Officers | 1500 | 1000 |
| 196th Division: | ||
| EM & Officers | 9,000 | 3,000 |
d. Personalities:
KANG, Lung Chieh (康龍界), CO, HMG Company
CHAO, Ming Yu (■明雨), Political Officer, HMG Company
WANG, Chih Chou (汪■周), Plat Ldr, 3rd Platoon
e. Replacements:
No replacements were seen since unit entered KOREA.
Heard that 2nd Bn Training Officer went to the Korean Central Operation Dept (朝鮮中央■■) which was located in TUNG PEI, LIAO TUNG SHENG, NAN TUNG SHIH, MANCHURIA in Dec 50 to plead for more replacements. PENG, Te Hoa (彭德懁), a former CG of the 4th Field Army, was in control of this Department.
f. Food, Ammo and Other Supplies:
100 rd of rifle ammo, 2,000 rd of HMG ammo, 1,500 rd of LMG ammo, 30 rd of 60mm Mortar ammo, and an unknown amount of grenades (HMG Co: 2 per man; Infantry: 5 per man) were received by 66th Army troops (in their respective assignments) while at KUMHWA in Dec 50. Believed these supplies came from NANTUNG (南東) by truck.
Food was procured from evacuated Korean villages.
g. Signal:
Battalion level and above used telephones. In an emergency (when the telephone becomes disabled) wireless was used.
Below Battalions runners were employed.
At times, Company to Battalion communication was conducted by buglers, especially in the retreat or attack.
h. Morale and Battle Effectiveness:
Morale in PW Co was low because the Americans had superior weapons, artillery and aircraft.
I. UN PW:
In Dec 50 near P’YONGYANG, PW saw approx 30 US PW led by CCF guards. Heard that these men were to be taken to MUKDEN.
j. Medical:
No epidemic in PW company.
Received an unknown type of immunization in Dec 50 at KUMHWA.
In PW Company, he saw 14 cases of frost bitten feet. A jellylike substance was applied to the feet.
k. Psychological Warfare:
PW voluntarily surrendered to the US troops because he was an anti-communist from the time he was in the CNA.
Saw UN leaflets many times. They stated: “Chinese friends, come to our side; we will give you cigarettes, food and clothing. Why are you fighting the Americans?”
Believed these leaflets.
Did not discuss the contents of the leaflets with other PW because the officers would have shot them if they were discovered, however, believed that many wanted to surrender. PW complained of the inadequate amount of food given by the Americans.
For the AC of S, G-2:
HONG
