포로신문
보/고/서

ATIS REPORT NO 3526　20 February 1951

The following information was obtained from recovered American military personnel, who, upon arrival to JAPAN from KOREA, were interrogated by Central Interrogation Center, ATIS. The interrogation was conducted at Tokyo Army Hospital by Lt FUSCO.

The preceding fourteen (14) men who were captured by the Chinese at different places between 29 November 1950 and 3 January 1951 were given a Communist indoctrination course before being released on 9 February.

Thirteen (13) of the above were part of a larger group of twenty seven (27) brought together on 12 January 1951. A preliminary course was given these men from 13 January to 18 January 1951. They were told by the Chinese that they would be taught for about a week and would not be hurt if they obeyed orders. Those who showed promise during this period would be sent to a school for 18-20 days and would then, if they passed the course successfully, be sent back to the UN lines within a week or two of the completion of the course. Those who showed no promise would be sent north to a PW camp.

Major J. DAUKJAT, 0456186 of KMAG, advisor to the ROK 19th Regiment, and Lt W.H. KELLUM of Co G, 21st Inf 24th Div were included in the group of twenty seven (27) in the preliminary course. The remainder were enlisted personnel, mostly from Co G, 21st Inf. During this period, the Major was required to write a letter to THE ADJUTANT GENERAL, DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, U.S.A. and was told what to write by the Chinese interpreter. The letter stated that those who signed were captured by and were prisoners of the “Chinese People’s Army”. It went on to state that there were some wounded prisoners but all were receiving the best possible medical treatment, enough food and a good place to sleep. All 27 men signed the letter and they were assured by the Chinese that it would be forwarded to the UNITED STATES. During this period, various members of the group were asked to compose some propaganda messages for the Chinese. All managed to circumvent this request by declaring that if they complied they would be held for treason by the U.S. Army upon release. Some were compelled however to correct statements that were later to be used in propaganda leaflets. All were careful that their signatures were not used indiscriminately. Since Major DAUJAT composed and addressed the letter to the Department of the Army they felt reasonably certain that their signatures would not be used in a harmful manner.

The purpose of the pre-school period was two-fold: to interrogate certain of the group who were believed to have information of value to the Chinese and to select those who would attend the Communist Indoctrination School. Not all were interrogated but the Major was called out three times daily. Interrogation was conducted by three (3) English-speaking Chinese.

The first of these, who was believed to be the officer in charge, was described as follows:

Age - 26 year

Height - 5’ 10”

Weight - 165 lbs

Build - Stocky

Hair - Black, long

Glasses - None

Uniform - Winter field

Marital Status - Married, 2 children

Education - Middle school graduate

Language - English (broken)

- Korean

- Chinese

The second English-speaking Chinese was, called “Leo”, the name having been given him while he was attending a Missionary School in CHINA. All their American prisoners liked “Leo” and the feeling was mutual. He often told Pfc WALKER, one of the squad leaders, that he loved AMERICA, American women, food, automobiles and songs. He had Pfc WALKER teach him the words to “YOU ARE MY SUNSHINE” which he constantly sang. After that “Leo” became so friendly with the Americans that the was shipped out from the school on 1 February 1951 before he became too “contaminated”. He was described as follows:

Age - 25 years

Height - 5’ 9”

Weight - 135 lb

Build - Slim

Glasses - Think lens (worn always)

Teeth - Protruding

Eyebrows - Heavy black

Hair - Black, long

Uniform - Winter field

(A photograph of “Leo” and his address in CHINA was left with a Major in G-2, I Corps Headquarters.)

The third interpreter who was called “Comrade Lee” was by far the most intelligent and the most proficient in English of all the Chinese. He was said to be able to “think in English.” He was a good-looking man with a smooth complexion and a fine set of teeth. He was always meticulously neat and clean and possessed an excellent bearing. “Comrade Lee,” as he preferred to be called, had many friends in CLEVELAND and CALIFORNIA who were formerly soldiers stationed in CHINA. LEE was an expert radioman and operated both an American and British radio somewhere in the hills surrounding the school. At different times, he would tell the prisoners about some of the happenings in the UNITED STATES. He told them about the severe storms taking place and also about the strike that led to the railroad tie-up in CHICAGO. “Comrade Lee” also claimed to have written some of the propaganda leaflets and pamphlets which were given to the prisoners before they were released. He was described as follows:

Age - 27 years

Height - 5’ 11”

Weight- 165 lb

Build - Solid

Glasses - None

Hair - Black, long

Uniform -Winter, field

During the interrogations of the prisoners there were usually two of the above three men present. Usually the Commanding Officer and “Comrade Lee” did the questioning. A form was filled out by the interrogators on each of the men. The following information was required of all:

1. Name

2. Rank

3. Organization

4. Age

5. Schooling

6. Number in the family

7. Civilian occupation

8. Occupation of father

9. Reasons for joining the Army

Major DAUJAT was continually interrogated along tactical lines. He was not very helpful to the Chinese and when he claimed ignorance of the information requested, he was told he was lying. The Chinese told the Major that they had plenty of time and that they would continue to call him in for interrogation until he decided to give them the information they wanted. Each time Major DAUJAT returned to the other prisoners he would grin and say, “Boy, are they mad at me!”

The twenty-seven men in the preliminary course were divided into three (3) squads of nine (9) men each. The squad leaders were chosen in a haphazard manner. The Commanding Officer went to the house where the Americans stayed and asked the highest ranking enlisted man to hold up his hand. When M/Sgt RESTER held up his hand, the Chinese flatly stated,

“I don’t like your looks.”

He then pointed to Sfc JONES and said,

“You will be squad leader.”

The Chinese then looked around the room and upon seeing Pfc WALKER, who happened to be joking with his buddies at the moment, declared,

“You smile. You are happy. You will be squad leader.”

The Commanding Officer then pointed to Pfc STERWALT and told him that he would be the leader of the third squad.

The first squad, which had most of the rank, consisted of the following:

The three squad leaders were called before the Commanding Officer and “Comrade Lee” for instructions. These included:

1. Report each night at 1900 hours to OJC.

2. Draw up work details such as KP and policing.

3. Read selected articles to their squads.

4. Supervise discussion of the articles.

5. Report opinions orally expressed for or against by members of the squad.

6. Write down all opinions expressed by members of the squad.

7. Point out the good workers and volunteers not only in classwork but in work details.

8. Write their own conclusion on the articles read and the opinions expressed by the squad.

9. Submit a list of twelve (12) names of men recommended to go to school because they were most interested in Communism.

All of the instructions were carried out except the last. The Commanding Officer made up his own list of names and there was no necessity for the squad leaders to submit theirs. SFC JONES was warned to be especially careful with the Major, the Lieutenant and the Master Sergeant in his squad. He was also told that those, who were not selected for school, would be sent to a PW camp in PYONGYANG, with the exception of the officers who could not even be considered for school but who would definitely “go north and remain there for a long time, after the war is over.”

The working hours in the pre-Communist School period were from 1300 to 1700 hours daily. They were broken down in the following manner:

1300-1400 - Reading of selected articles.

1400-1500 - Discussion of articles.

1500-1700 - Writing opinions of articles.

The topics were all taken from June and July editions of “NEW TIMES” (PRAVDA), a 50-60 page magazine printed in RUSSIA in four (4) languages: English, Polish, Russian and Chinese. This magazine was very similar to “TIME” magazine but its contents more closely resembled “The DAILY WORKER” newspaper. The predominant themes expressed were:

1. Why both the North Korean and the South Korean people hate the “so-called” United Nations.

2. The “Stockholm Peace Appeal.”

3. What Communists have done for CHINA.

At the end of the pre-School period, the Commanding Officer selected 13 Americans instead of 12 to go to school. On 19 January, they were moved out about one-half mile to a much better house which was to be their school. That was the last they saw of the 14 remaining Americans who the Chinese said were taken north. That same night those selected for school were joined by another American, Cpl Clerence J BROWN, and five (5) British prisoners. This brought the group up to the number that actually attended the Communist School - fourteen (14) American and five (5) British soldiers.

The Communist School was located in a house in a small village about twenty (20) miles (road distance) north, northwest of SEOUL. The name of the village is UNANG-NI and it is located at 3129-1829 on the KOYANG, KOREA 1:50,000 AMS Series L 751 Map. The School is located at a distance of about four (4) miles from what is believed to be its Headquarters. This is located in a village called POGWANG-SA located on the same map at 3176-1799. The School was evidently going to be of a permanent nature. The group believed this because it was located away from any military targets, because caves were being dug at rapid pace for protection against possible strafing attacks and because signs of rather permanent nature were being erected in the vicinity of the school indicating the direction to the various buildings in the village.

The British and Americans were given the same course. The entire group was divided into two squads with two (2) Britishers in one and three (3) in the other in the following manner:

The course actually lasted from 20 January to 3 February. The men had been told that the course was to last for 18-20 days, that tests would be given each week and that those who passed them would be released at the end of the course while those who did not pass would be retained in the school. There was no weekly test given but there was a final test. True to their promise, the Chinese did release those who passed the test.

Control was again exercised through the squad leaders who had to report each night at 1900 hours to the Chinese officer-interpreter. The police and kitchen police details were agreed upon. Progress reports were made on all the men in each squad. The roster was checked, name by name, each night as to what the men said about the lectures, as to whether or not they were willing to learn and also, as to whether or not they were trying to learn. On those days when an argument took place between a member or members of a squad and an instructor because of some unbelievable claim of the Communists, the squad leader was subjected to a thorough questioning by the Chinese interpreter who wanted to expel and send to a PW Camp those men who argued or questioned. The squad leader had to do a lot of pacifying to convince the interpreter that the man in their squads should not be expelled. A particularly nerve-wrecking task of the squad leaders was their questioning by the interpreters concerning what the men in their squads had said and what they had written as opinions of the lectures. It was found almost mandatory to memorize what opinions were written down by the members of the squad in order that the squad leaders could show they were doing their own jobs and therefore should stay in school.

The Communist School organization appeared to be as follows:

S-1: Lectured daily, through his interpreter.

S-2: Provided literature for lectures.

S-3: Came to inspect occasionally.

S-4: Procured food and supplies.

The Commanding Officer whose rank could not be determined seemed to hold the rank equivalent to that of a Colonel. From the staff of officers he maintained and the education he seemed to have, he could very well be considered a Colonel in the opinion of M/Sgt RESTER and SFC JONES. Since the Chinese do not wear their insignia of rank, there is no way to discover what rank the officers hold unless a man is actually called by his rank. They were very careful not to do that at the school. The Commanding Officer spoke to the group 3 times during the school period. He did not give the opening speech but he did give not only the last lecture but also a closing speech to the group. He did see that a set of classroom instructions was drawn up and tacked on a wall in the school to govern the actions of the “students”. Among those remembered by the group were:

1. No sleeping during class.

2. Silence during class hours.

3. No smoking during class.

4. Go to the latrines only when absolutely necessary.

5. Raise your hand when you want to speak.

6. You will be punished if you do not learn your lesson.

7. Stay indoors during air raids or be shot.

8. Always obey orders.

The school day was broken down in the following manner:

1100-1200 hours - Lectures (S-1 through interpreter).

1200-1400 hours - Discussions supervised by squad leaders.

1400-1600 hours - Writing synopsis and opinions of lectures.

The source material for the lectures were usually found in fairly recent (November, December) issues of “PEOPLE’S CHINA” (PEKING) which is also sold in the UNITED STATES and CANADA. The price of an annual subscription is $4.00. “PEOPLE’S CHINA SUPPLEMENTS” consisting of about 10 pages each were also used at the school. Some of the subjects covered in the lectures were:

“How we treat you well.

a. We do not kill prisoners of war after they have given up their arms.

b. We give our prisoners a chance to study.

c. We furnish the best living conditions possible.

d. We do not take personal belongings such as, watches, rings, and the like

e. The dead are buried and the wounded are taken care of as much as possible.”

“Why we treat you well.

a. Because our army is under Communist leadership.

b. Because we are working class people and belong to one big family.

c. Because we are all humans, same as you.

d. Because you lay down your weapons and became out best friends.

e. Because you obey orders.”

The preceding two (2) topics were taken verbatim from the notebook of SFC JONES who had been told by the Communists that they would most likely be on the final examination and therefore the Sergeant wrote them down to study.

“Nature of wars.

a. Justice (with definition).

b. Injustice (with definition).”

“Why the people’s Armies will win.

a. Why American imperialism will fail in ASIA.

b. Why the Americans won’t win the ward.”

“China’s rural growth since ‘liberation’.”

“The workers’ progress since ‘liberation’.”

“The policy of the USSR toward CHINA since ‘liberation’.”

“The present education system in CHINA.”

Throughout these lectures many propaganda and Communist Party line statements were made by the lecturers through their interpreters. Among those remembered by the group were the followings:

“South KOREA invaded North KOREA.”

“The Americans in KOREA are the aggressors.”

“The Wall Street capitalists are the cause of the war.”

“President TRUMAN is a monopolistic, war monger.”

“General MacARTHUR lied when he said the troops would be home for Christmas.”

“John Foster DULLES visited KOREA in June 1950 to designate the time and place of attack on North KOREA.”

“The American army has been driven back to PUSAN and is waiting to be evacuated.”

“RUSSIA is using atomic energy for beneficial purposes while the UNITED STATES is using it to destroy.”

“Americans are not really interested in peace because they sent no one to the Airport to greet the Chinese Communist delegation when they arrived in the UNITED STATES (as pointed out in a magazine article written by an American).”

“The American 7th Fleet should pull out from TAIWAN (FORMOSA was never used) so that the Chinese Communists can invade and take what is rightfully theirs.”

“American planes have bombed MANCHURIA over 200 times.”

“The common people should unite against the capitalistic ‘war mongelers’ (SIC).”

“It would be ‘justice’ for the Russians to come to the aid of CHINA if the UN should push the Chinese back to MANCHURIA.”

“There are 5 million regular troops in CHINA but all the Chinese troops in KOREA are volunteers. There are no regulars in KOREA.”

“The Chinese and Korean Communists are not fighting the American people - just the capitalistic imperialists and war mongelers (SIC).”

“The Chaplain in the American Army is a political propaganda officer and not a spiritual advisor.”

At first, some of the members of the group argued about and challenged the statements made by the Chinese. For example, M/Sgt RESTER argued that if South KOREA had invaded North KOREA, how was it possible that by the following day the North Koreans had not only retaken the towns supposedly captured by the South Koreans but also were already knocking at the gates of SEOUL. PFC WALKER challenged the statement of the instructor when he declared that the Chaplain in the American Army was a political propaganda officer. SGT RANKIN, one of the Britishers, declared that he would rather live in IRELAND than any other place in the world. The Chinese did not like that one bit and asked the sergeant if he had ever been to RUSSIA. When RANKIN answered in the negative, the Chinese asked his reasons. The sergeant promptly replied:

“For two reasons:

1. They won’t let me in,

2. If I did get in, they would not let me out.”

These incidents caused quite a stir at the school. The result was that both M/Sgt RESTER and PFC WALKER were told that they had better forget their arguments, otherwise they might find themselves sent north to a PW camp. SGT RANKIN was told that if he loved his country that much “perhaps he should die for it.” From then on, there were no more clashes between the students and the instructors.

During the final week of school, the instructors seemed to be emphasizing messages and general assignments to be carried out by all the students upon their release. Some of these included:

“Tell the people in AMERICA that the Americans are the aggressors in KOREA.”

“Tell the American people that the Chinese entered the war to prevent the Americans from crossing the Manchurian border.”

“Tell the people that the ‘STOCKHOLM PEACE TREATY’ to outlaw the use of the atomic bomb has already been signed by 18 billion people’. Signers of the ‘STOCKHOLM PEACE TREATY’ are lovers of peach throughout the world.”

“Tell your families and friends of the benefits of Communism.”

“Tell your friends that the peaceful desires of the Communists countries continues.”

“Tell the soldiers back in the UNITED STATES to refuse to come to KOREA.”

“Tell your friends how unimportant KOREA and JAPAN are to the UNITED STATES.”

“Try to remain in the army so that you can tell the other soldiers how well you were treated as a prisoner of the Communist forces.”

On the day preceding the last day of school, the class was asked to submit questions on any subject they desired. The Commanding Officer was to give them the lecture on the last day of school and was to include the answers to any questions that were submitted. One of the Americans asked to have the educational system in CHINA explained. Others asked about the benefits gained by the working man and the farmer in CHINA since the Communists took over. True to his word, the officer gave the last lecture and included the answers to all the questions brought up.

The final examination, which everyone passed, was given on 3 February and consisted of the following:

1. How I feel toward:

a. The lenient policy.

b. What have I learned in school” (SIC)

2. “What will I adopt when I go home?”

3. “Pick out a subject liked best in a magazine and write 2 sentences on it.”

On 4 February, the Commanding Officer made his closing speech to the class. He passed out to each of the prisoners a great many propaganda leaflets and safe conduct passes. He told them to distribute the pamphlets and leaflets at the front lines and if possible, at the first outpost. He made some derogatory remarks about President TRUMAN, General MacARTHUR and the American aggression in KOREA. He told all the members of the class that they should surrender if they were ever forced to fight in KOREA again. He said farewell to each and told them to be careful on the way back to the U.N. lines.

Sketches 1 through 10 are copies and translations of the original leaflets given to the men for distribution.

About one week before “graduation”, SFC JONES was called in for an interview by an interpreter. The Chinese had in his possession a card for each member of the class on which was written all the personal possessions known to belong to him including cash, rings, watches, pens and the like. Evidently the record was kept after a “shakedown” inspection by the Chinese when the American prisoners were first turned over to them. The Chinese interpreter then proceeded to intimate, without actually demanding, that certain sums of money based upon the total amount possessed by the men would be turned over to him as representative of all the members of the staff of the school. The money was to be divided among the other members of the staff. The Chinese further intimated that those men who did not give the amount decided upon by the staff would probably not be released. Six out of the 14 Americans plus all the Britishers paid what was demanded and when a Chinese newspaper reporter came through the area they were photographed and told that they were the only ones to be released. The total collected from the prisoners was $421.00 in MPC. The largest “contribution” $130.00 was made by M/Sgt RESTER. He was closely followed by SFC JONES who “donated” $111.00 and Pvt WHITAKER with $100.00.

By the time school was finished, the staff had sufficiently relented to allow all to graduate, thereby making all eligible for release. Before their final release, some of the men including SFC JONES and PFC WALKER were deprived of their diamond rings.

In discussing the relative success of failure of this Communist Indoctrination Program a few interesting observations were made by various members of the American group. They all were agreed that the attempt at indoctrination was definite failure. The freedom of speech and the press in AMERICA gave them a better background of world affairs than the Communists who tried to convince them that their interpretations of the news were better than those of the Americans. The freedom of discussion denied to the Americans by the Communists who threatened them whenever any point was argued or challenged only served to show how much better the American way was. The very idea was ridiculous that the Communists who, in this particular case, had never lived in the UNITED STATES, believed they were qualified to tell the Americans, who had lived all their lives in the US, how bad conditions and life in the UNITED STATES were. The very fact that the Americans had managed to indoctrinate one of the Chinese interpreters to their point of view, is indicative. If there were any possible doubt in any of the minds of the American prisoners, it was completely shattered by the actions of the Chinese when they demanded money and rings after specifically telling them that they never do such things.

On the night of 4 February, the men were told that they were to be returned to the UN lines. They marched to SEOUL and were turned over to a North Korean unit on 5 February. After two false starts, a group consisting of the 14 Americans and the 5 British who had attended school, were joined by 3 other Americans (Pfc Harold HUNTLEY, RA-15295744, C Co, 19 Inf; Pvt Stephen D. AUGUSTYNOUTCH, RA-15219105, G Co, 21st Inf; Cpl LeRoy FIELDS, RA-57401023) and 15 ROK on 8 February and led to a point about 3 miles short of an outpost of Co K, 35th Inf. At 0300, 9 February they succeeded in being recognized and were allowed to make their way to the outpost.

For the CO, TIS:

Sketch #1

FRONT (REVERSE, BLANK)

SAFE CONDUCT PASS

We guarantee: If you put down your weapon and say TOW SHONG (surrender) TOW rhymes with SNOW SHONG rhymes with LONG

You will be escorted to the rear - to safety, you will get medical treatment if you need it, you will be well treated and, in the end, you’ll get home in one piece.

THE CHINESE PEOPLE’S VOLUNTEER FORCES

No.4

FRONT (REVERSE, BLANK)

LOOK WHERE YOU’VE GO TO!

5,000 miles from home, fighting 30,000,000 Koreans and behind them are 475,000,000 Chinese. What can bombs do? They cannot kill all our people, they can only stiffen our fighting spirit.

THE CHINESE PEOPLE’S VOLUNTEER FORCES

No. 5

FRONT (REVERSE BLANK)

NO CANNON FODDER FOR THE WALL STREET

GIVE UP FIGHTING AND GO HOME SOON!

The majority of you officers and enlistedmen of the U.S. aggressive army are in service imply for the sake of earning a living. Be resolved to give up fighting for the Wall Street magnates

THE CHINESE PEOPLE’S VOLUNTEER FORCES

No.6

Sketch #2

FRONT (REVERSE, BLANK)

LAY DOWN ARMS, YOU’LL BE LENIENTLY TREATED

The Chinese People’s Volunteer Forces and the Korean People’s Army adopt a lenient policy toward those given-up-arms POW officers and enlistedmen of U.S. and Syngman Rhee troops.

THE CHINESE PEOPLE’S VOLUNTEER FORCES

No.1

FRONT (REVERSE, BLANK)

DIE FOR THE WALL STREET? NO.

DEMAND GIVING UP FIGHTING AND GO HOME!

Officers and enlistedmen of the U.S. aggressive army: It is not worthwhile to fight and die for the interest of monopoly capitalists and warlords, raise demands for withdrawal to the U.S. from Korea.

THE CHINESE PEOPLE’S VOLUNTEER FORCES

No.3

Sketch #3

FRONT

Officers and men of the U.S. armed forces!

Surrender, and you will not be killed.

We treat POWs well.

Lay down your arms and come over to us!

General Political Bureau of the Korean People’s Army

REVERSE

미군장병들이여!

총을바치면죽이지않는다

포로가되면우대를받는다

무기를놓고손을들라!

조선인민군총정치국

Sketch #4

FRONT

Officers and men of the U.S. Army!

Why are you going to die a meaningless death on an alien soil, thousands of miles away from your country?

Your dear people at home are spending miserable days, worrying about your fate.

Why are you going to sacrifice your youthful life for an unjust cause, leaving your loved ones behind you?

Lay down your arms immediately and surrender!

The Korean People’s Army treats POWs well. The only way for you to get home soon is to surrender.

Lose no time and come over to us!

General Political Bureau

of the Korean People’s Army

REVERSE

미군 장병들이여!

무엇 때문에 그대들은 수만리 떠러진 이국땅에서 가치없는 죽엄을 당하려하는가?

그리운 조국에서는 사랑하는 부모 처자들이 그대들의 운명을 근심하여 눈물로 세월을 보내고있다

사랑하는 사람들을 남겨놓고 어찌 젊은청춘을 부정의의 침략전쟁에서 이러버려야 한단말인가?

하로 속히 무기를 놓고 손을 들라!

조선인민군은 포로를 우대한다 그대의 고국으로 하로 속히 도라가는 길은 오직 투항하는 길뿐이다

주저말고 한시바삐 투항하라!

조선인민군 총정치국

SKETCH # 5 LIBERATION CERTIFICATE ORIGINAL

步兵第二十五師战士

解放證

一六部隊__部

四分隊區__小隊

三排八■

姓名 Robert D Hard

Keep this card carefully

LIBERATION CERTIFICATE (TRANSLATION)

25th Infantry Regiment Pvt. (TN: Marginal note)

16th Unit __Section

4th Special Unit Platoon __ Squad

3rd platoon 8th Squad

S/

Name P.F.C. Robert D. Hard

keep this Card Carefully

Sketch #6

FRONT

SAFE CONDUCT PASS

We guarantee:

If you put down your weapon and say

TOW SHONG

投(surrender)降

TOW rhymes with SHOW SHONG rhymes with LONG

You will be escorted to the rear-to safety. You will get medical treatment if you need it. You will be well treated and, in the end, you’ll get home in once piece.

THE CHINESE PEOPLE’S VOLUNTEER FORCES

REVERSE

LOOK WHERE YOU’VE GOT TO!

5,000 miles from home, fighting 30,000,000 Koreans and behind them are 475,000,000 Chinese. What can bombs do? They cannot Kill all our people, they can only stiffen our Fighting spirit.

THE CHINESE PEOPLE’S VOLUNTEER FORCES

K1

Sketch #7

REVERSE

Dear Soldiers,

This is the day you have dedicated to “Peace on Earth, Goodwill to men”. Why are you here slaughtering the Korean people and burning their homes down - freezing and dying 5,000 miles from home where you belong with your families? Why aren’t you enjoying a turkey dinner like the Wall Street financiers who sent you here to fight for their profits?

We do not want to fight you, and we bear you no ill-will, knowing that you, like us, are ordinary laboring people and that you have been duped by American warmongers and their Wall Street bosses.

We only want you to go home, so that we Koreans and Chinese people can build the lives we want and live in peace. That’s why we wish you…..

FRONT

A Merry Christmas

&

A Peaceful New Year

With fraternal greetings

THE CHINESE PEOPLE’S VOLUNTEER FORCES

Sketch 8

Your folks want you

HOME and SAFE

That’s where you should be, and can be. We know you were ordered here - you didn’t chose to come.

We sent some captured men back to your lines.

Why did MacArthur stop them from talking?

They would have told you that men who have put down their arms and come over to the Chinese people’s volunteers are receiving good treatment and will get home - all in one piece.

That’s the Road for you

We are ordinary Chinese people who have volunteered to save our homes. You are ordinary American or British people. We have no reason to hate you. But we Chinese, like the Koreans, cannot stop fighting while you are here carrying out orders to invade our lands.

YOU HAVE ONLY ONE WAY BACK HOME

Get wise to yourself. The people who got you in this mess are making plenty on this deal. Do you want to die for their dividends?

HERE’S WHAT TO DO

…….(use this as a safe conduct pass)…….

When you see a Chinese soldier: Put down your weapon and say

投TOW SHONG (surrender)降

Tow rhymes with show Shong rhymes with long

DO YOU FOLKS AT HOME A GOOD TURN-THEY NEED YOU

We guarantee you safe conduct and your return home as soon as possible.

The Chinese People’s Volunteer Forces

Sketch #9

FRONT COVER

아군지휘위원 전투원들은 이통행문을

가지고오는 외국 군대에 대하여반

듯이 잘점대하여 그 외국인과병사군

관을 하고이를하고생명재물의

안전을보장하고살해혹인학대모욕

하지않으며제일가까운부대사령부정치

부로 호송하여야한다

각부대가 이를절실히■■하게일한다

조선인민군

중국인민지원부대

我軍指揮員■持■■■■■

國軍隊■須■■持■■不論其■■

士兵與軍宜■律保■生■財物

安全不得殺害■■■■■

■送至最■■■隊司今■■改治部

望各部隊切實■■

朝鮮人民軍

中國人民志願部隊

SAFE CONDUCT PASS

통행증

通行證

The BEARER, regardless of his military rank or nationality, is hereby unconditionally guaranteed freedom from personal injury, maltreatment or abuse. He will receive medical treatment if necessary and may retain all personal possessions.

ISSUED BY THE KOREAN PEOPLE’S ARMY

THE CHINESE PEOPLE’S VOLUNTEER FORCES

K6

REVERSE

WE GUARANTEE GOOD TREATMENT TO YOU

All the American officers and soldiers who already came to our side have been well treated by the Korean people’s Army and the Chinese Volunteers. They will surely be given the opportunity to be sent back to their homes as soon as possible. Then they can eat the apple sauce prepared by their mothers and stroke the brown hair of their wives again.

PUT DOWN YOUR WEAPONS AND COME OVER TO US. YOU WILL SURELY GET THE SAME TREATMENT. IF YOU FIGHT ON, YOU WILL DIE SHAMFULLY AND UN■ORT■■ILY FOR TRUMAN AND MACARTHUR. THEN EVERYTHING IS GONE.

The Chinese and Korean written on the front page of this document is identical and is translated as follows:

“Leaders and soldiers of our forces will assure good treatment to all foreign troops bearing this pass. Regardless of nationality, or military rank, the safety of life and property will be equally guaranteed. There will be no slaughter, maltreatment, or abuse. They will be escorted to the Political Section of the nearest Unit Hq.

“All units are requested to properly carry out this order.

NKA

Chinese People’s Voluntary Forces.”

Sketch 10

FRONT COVER

아군지휘위원 전투원들은 이통행문을

가지고오는 외국 군대에 대하여반

듯이 잘점대하여 그 외국인과병사군

관을 하고이를하고생명재물의

안전을보장하고살해혹인학대모욕

하지않으며제일가까운부대사령부정치

부로 호송하여야한다

각부대가 이를절실히■■하게일한다

조선인민군

중국인민지원부대

我軍指揮員■持■■■■■

國軍隊■須■■持■■不論其■■

士兵與軍宜■律保■生■財物

安全不得殺害■■■■■

■送至最■■■隊司今■■改治部

望各部隊切實■■

朝鮮人民軍

中國人民志願部隊

SAFE CONDUCT PASS

통행증

通行證

The BEARER, regardless of his military rank of nationality, is hereby unconditionally guaranteed freedom from personal injury, maltreatment or abuse. He will receive medical treatment if necessary and may retain all personal possessions.

ISSUED BY

THE KOREAN PEOPLE’S ARMY

THE CHINESE PEOPLE’S VOLUNTEER FORCES

K6

REVERSE

DON’T BE THE SACRIFICES OF MONEYBAGS AND WARMONGERS

You never dream that this winter you would come to a foreign land, 5,000 miles away from your home and creep in the cold trenches with your lives in danger every minutes. WHO DECEIVED AND ORDERED YOU TO DO SO? IT WAS TRUMAN, MACARTHUR, ACHISON AND THE BILLIONAIRES OF WALL STREET. WE BELIEVE THAT YOU ARE REALIZING NOW, YOU ARE THE SACRIFICES FOR THE SMALL GROUP OF THE MONEYBAGS AND WARMONGERS. They are not only the enemies of the Korean people and the Chinese people, but also the enemies of all the pace-loving people of the world and the enemies of the American people and you yourselves, as they ordered and duped you to suffer and risk your lives in an injustice war for their profit and the infamous purpose of aggression.

TELL YOU THE TRUTH THAT THE FORCE OF THE PEACE-LOVING KOREAN AND CHINESE PEOPLE IS INVINCIBLE, because they are justice, they are fighting against the imperialistic aggression and defending their families, farms and their mother land. As their parents were slaughtered, their wives and sisters raped and their homes and farms burned, so they are firmly and heroicly fighting to the end unless all the foreign invaders get out.

DECIDE AT ONCE! CEASE FIGHTING AND COME OVER TO US. WE GUARANTEE YOU SAFE CONDUCT AND RETURNING HOME AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.

The Chinese and Korean written on the front page of this document is identical and is translated as follows:

“Leaders and soldiers of our forces will assure good treatment to all foreign troops bearing this pass. Regardless of nationality, or military rank, the safety of life and property will be equally guaranteed. There will be no slaughter, maltreatment or abuse. They will be escorted to the Political Section of the nearest Unit Hq.

“All units are requested to properly carry out this order.

NKA

Chinese People’s Voluntary Forces.”