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ATIS INTERROGATION REPORT NO. 3377　15 February 1951

FIELD REPORT (164-MISDI-1501)　11 February 1951

PW cooperative and talked freely. He did not seem to be withholding information, and is well informed about the military.

Information seems reliable.

50th Army: (Code Name: SHAN LIANG PU) (梁山部): 148th Div (Code Name: 1st Bn), 149th Div (Code Name: 2nd Bn), 150th Div (Code Name: 3rd Bn).

148th Div: 442nd (Code Name: 1st Co), 443rd (Code Name: 2nd Co) and 444th (Code Name: 3rd Co) Regt, Guard Bn, Med Unit, Propaganda Unit and Recon Plat.

442nd Regt: 3 Bn (Code Names: 1st, 2nd and 3rd Sqd respectively), Mortar Co, Guard Co, Sig Plat, Med Plat, Propaganda Plat, Engr Plat.

2nd Bn: 3 Co (Code Names: 1st, 2nd and 3rd Plat respectively), HMG Co (Code Name: 4th Plat), Mortar Plat and Sig Plat.

4th Co: 3 Rifle Plat and Mortar Sqd.

Each Rifle Plat: 3 Rifle Sqd.

Each Rifle Sqd: 10 to 12 men.

PW estimated present 2nd Bn strength at 200 men; 442nd Regt at 1,000 men, and 148th Div at 4,000 men.

148th Div reputed to be best Div in 50th Army.

Of the 3 div in 50th Army, 148th Div suffered the most casualties.

148th Div located KWACHON (CS2244) 5 Feb 51.

442nd Regt Hq located 1 Km east of KWACHON 8 Feb 51. 442nd and the 444th Regt flanked 442nd Regt.

PW received orders to defend his position to the last man 4 Feb 51.

PW heard from 4th Co political officer that 148th Div was to defend area around ANYANG NI until reinforcements arrived. An unk unit, reputed to be a crack unit, was said to be reorganizing in the SEOUL area and was supposed to reinforce the 148th Div. It was rumored that upon the arrival of this fresh unit the CCF would go on the offensive. The 148th Div was staging a delaying action due to present lack of men.

Political officer stated that CCF are expected to liberate South KOREA by May 51.

149th Div in position on west flank of 148th Div and 150th Div in position approx 3 Kms away, on eastern flank of 148th Div.

Conscripted Sep 42 into CNA 60th Army at YUNAN SHENG (雲南省). Promoted to 2nd lt Jan 48.

Captured at CHANGCHUN (長春) Apr 48, when CNA 60th Army surrendered to CCF.

Received 3 months basic infantry training and daily Communist indoctrination.

Numerical designation of CNA 60th Army changed to CCF 50th Army Dec 48. The new 50th Army included all former CNA troops of CNA 60th Army.

PW assigned to present unit as Plat Ldr.

50th Army departed CHANGCHUN Jun 49 and marched to SSUCHUAN (四川), arriving Dec 49.

50th Army engaged CNA in battle from Dec 49 to Feb 50.

50th Army departed SSUCHUANG Feb 50 and arrived HUPEI SHENG (湖北省) Aug 50.

50th Army departed HUPEI SHENG Aug 50 and arrived CHULIN SHENG (吉林省) Sep 50.

442nd Regt departed CHILIN SHENG by train Sep 50 and arrived CHIAN (輯安) o/a 15 Sep 50.

Regt crossed YALU River on wooden bridge the same day and marched to CHOSAN (YF3624), arriving o/a 19 Sep 50.

Departed CHOSAN 19 Sep 50 and arrived SONGPYONG DONG o/a 23 Sep 50. Remained here 1 week.

Departed SONGPYONG DONG Sep 50 and arrived at village approx 20 Km east of SINUIJU Oct 50. Remained here about 1 week and received winter clothing.

Departed village Oct 50 and arrived at point 40 Km north of PYONGYANG Oct 50. Remained here 1 week.

Departed here Oct 50, passed through P'YONGYANG and arrived CHUNGHWA (YD4305) Oct 50.

Regt remained at unknown point north of 38th Parallel one week, d/u.

Departed here, passed through SEOUL and arrived KWACHON (CS2244). Remained here 1 night and departed for SUWON arrived at an unknown date. Remained here one night and returned northward to the "PUKOK" (富谷驛)(about 3 miles north of SUWON) RR Station, where they remained 17 days.

Retreated northwards to ANYANG 28 Jan 51.

442nd Regt remained in defensive position upon arrival in ANYANG area. Regt attacked 7 Feb 51, resulting in the disorganization of the 2nd Bn.

PW, using a safe conduct pass, surrendered with 3 others 8 Jan 51.

TSUNG, Tse Sheng (曽沢生), Lt Gen, CG, 50th Army.

PAI, Chao Hsueh (白啓學), Maj Gen, CG, 148th Div.

LUNG, Yao (龍耀), Maj Gen, CG, 149th Div.

LI, Tse (李佐), Maj Gen, CG, 150th Div.

YEH, Chang Keng (葉長慶), Maj Gen, Ass't Army CG, 50th Army.

HSU, Wen Liah (徐文然), Lt Gen, Political Chief, 50th Army.

CHENG(FNU)(陳?), Maj Gen, Political Chief, 148th Div.

YANG, Pin (楊賓), Colonel, CO, 442nd Regt.

WANG, Hsi Lin (王錫林), Col, Political Chief, 442nd Regt.

CHE, Ju Wei (者如爲), Maj, Bn CO, 2nd Bn.

KAO, Tieng Shan (高風山), Maj, Political Training Officer, 2nd Bn.

An average of 2 meals received daily by troops in sufficient amounts. There was no known transportation of food supplies from MANCHURIA or North KOREA.

There are ammo stockpiles in rear units.

3 Feb 51 troops of 50th Army were issued one pair of winter shoes to every 2 men. Shoes had been transported to SEOUL by truck. Shoes transferred to ANYANG-NI from SEOUL by wagon.

4 mountain guns resembling the 76mm M1902/30 gun were seen in the 442nd Regt while passing through PYONGYANG mid-October 50. Approx 30 rd of ammo per gun were seen.

Guns were disassembled and transported by horse, about 6 to a gun.

148th Div is believed to have 12 guns of this type (4 per regt).

Runners employed by co and lower echelons.

Bn and higher echelon units used Chinese and US-make field telephones. The US-make phones were much better than Chinese, and much clearer conversations could be held when using them.

It was believed that the Div had wireless radios.

Troops had no confidence in their officers because they were often told lies and given false promises. For example, troops in the ANYANG area were ordered to hold their position at all costs until they received reinforcements.

They were often told by their officers that a fresh unit was on its way to reinforce them and for them to hold on. The troops waited for days but no reinforcements arrived, and when they were finally attacked they were easily beaten because of low morale.

PW often overheard his men complaining of inadequate clothing and of being overexposed to cold weather.

3 men out of every 5 in the 148th Div suffered from malaria.

PW received 4 quinine pills 6 Feb 51. Most of the quinine on hand in the 2nd Bn was distributed to the troops. An undetermined number of troops did not receive any, as no supplies were to be had. No deaths have resulted from malaria.

An unknown number of troops suffered from coughing.

PW stated that there were cases of frozen feet in his platoon.

a. Did you surrender voluntarily?

a. Yes. PW was threatened with death if he gave way to UN forces. Being faced with death from both sides, PW took his chances with UN forces.

b. Did you see any UN leaflets or hear UN loudspeaker broadcasts?

a. Yes, on 6 Feb 51.

c. Can you describe what they said?

a. Safe conduct pass No. 7016.

d. What was your reaction to them?

a. PW had no confidence in the leaflet, but decided to take his chances with UN forces.

e. Did you hear other soldiers discuss leaflets or broadcasts?

a. Negative.

For the AC of S, G-2: