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보/고/서

ATIS INTERROGATION REPORT NO. 2839　12 January 1951

FIELD REPORT (ADVATIS Special Report - 0324)　29 December 1950

Fairly cooperative. Reliability - fair.

Jan 48 - Inducted into the CNA (9th Army group; New 6th Army; 169th Div; 506th Regt; 3d Bn; HMG Co; 4th Plat; 8th sqd) at MUKDEN(奉天) MANCHURIA.

Apr 48 - Captured by the CCF at HEISHAN-HSIEN (黑山縣), MANCHURIA.

Nov 48 - Conscripted into the 5th Group, 8th Route Army at HEISHAN-HSIEN.

Nov 48 - Left MANCHURIA for PEIPING (北平) HOPEI-SHENG (河北省) to fight the CNA.

Jan 49 - Apr 49 - Fought against CNA in HOPEI-SHENG (河北省) 5th Group, 8th Route Army, reorganized and redesignated the 42nd Army, 14th Army Group 4th Field Army.

Apr 49 - Feb 50 - Fought and trained in the South and Southwest China.

Feb 50 - Aug 50 - 42nd Army of the 4th Field Army rested at HEILUNG-CHIANG SHENG (黑龍江省) MANCHURIA.

Aug 50 - Oct 50 - Trained at LIUHO-HSIEN (柳河縣) LIAOTUNG-SHENG (遼東省), MANCHURIA.

13 Oct 50 - Left LIUHO-HSIEN, LIAO TUNG-SHENG by rail for CHIAN (輯安).

18 Oct 50 - Crossed Yalu River at CHIAN and marched at night for ten nights - each company being guided by a Korean soldier.

May 50 - PW learned through lectures given by his company commander and by his political officer, and by reading a magazine called “the Private Soldier’s Life” that: a. The entire 40th and 43d Armies of the 4th Field Army were undergoing amphibious training. b. The training was conducted south of KWANGSHOU (廣州) KWANGTUNGSHENG (廣東省). Precise location unknown. c. The soldiers trained on sail-powered and mechanically powered junks. The smallest junk had a capacity of 4 men fully armed with their equipment. The largest had a capacity of one fully armed company with organizational equipment. d. The training consisted of: (1) embarking and disembarking (2) loading of arms, ammunition and equipment (3) firing of small arms from aboard ship (4) firing of 60 mm mortars from aboard ship (5) making landings and beachheads (6) Accustoming the men to the sea. e. Purpose of the training - preparations for the raid on HAINAN ISLAND (海南島). f. Duration of the training was about 2 months.

(Hearsay) There are Japanese soldiers serving as artillery men in the CCF. PW knows nothing of the unit designation, organization or equipment.

The 20th Army Group from North China and one Army Group from the 3d Field Army were heard to be fighting in Korea.

The following recruiting program is followed whenever the CCF requires replacements to maintain the 4,000,000 man standing army. 1. Meetings are called: a. lectures are given on patriotism b. Lands are redivided and redistributed. c. Volunteers are signed up. 2. Conscription: a. The rich are conscripted b. Those not in essential jobs are conscripted c. One or two sons from every family of three or more sons are conscripted. 3. The quota to establish and maintain personnel strength of the CCF Force is divided over the whole country according to area population.

The Pay of the private in the CCF was about 10,000 yuan, Central China monetary standard, or 70,000 yuan Manchurian standard. The amount of pay varied with the cost of living. Pay day was on the fifteenth day of each month. The amount was hardly sufficient to keep the soldier in cigarettes. The pay of the officers, starting with the ass’t platoon leader, was higher and the amount received was determined by rank.

Jul 50: The 4th Field Army organized a division of selected men (at least middle school graduates and of robust health) between 18-25 years of age for paratroop training. Each division furnished a company; each Army, a battalion to form the division. Each man was tested mentally and was subjected to a rigid physical examination. (Hearsay - they were to undergo paratroop training)

The selectees were sent to WUHAN (武漢) HUPEH-SHENG and registered. They were then sent to three different flying schools for training. One school was at KIAMUSZE (■大斯) SUNG CHIANG-SHENG (松江省). The second was at ANGANG CHI (■■■) HEI LUNG CHIANG-SHENG (黑龍江省) and the third was at CHI CHI HAER CITY (齊齊哈爾市) HEI LUNG CHIANG-SHENG (黑龍江省).

Source of Info: a. Lectures and meetings by political officers b. Observation: one man was picked and tested in PW’s company; two Russians were seen at the above three cities.

In the 3d Bn of the 371st Regt, 124th Div, 42nd Army, 4th Field Army, three out of every five were ex-CNA soldiers. These ex-CNA soldiers were all privates in the CCF and came from China proper. These former CNA soldiers usually grumbled and were not very cooperative with the CCF soldiers.

Source of information: Lectures The major centers of supply were at MUKDEN, HARBIN and CHINCHOU (錦州) in MANCHURIA. There supplies were hauled by rail to CHI’AN (輯安) and ANTUNG where they were loaded on trucks and taken to the Army dump which moved with the Army headquarters.

Jul 50: PW received propaganda through open air meetings, classes, loud-speakers and newspapers. CCF Propaganda.

1. America is imperialistic.

2. America is very wealthy and is using her wealth to manufacture arms and ammunition. She is arming herself and Nationalist China in order to conquer Russia and the CCF and thus suppress the poor in China.

3. The USA wants Korea as a base to fight Russia.

4. The USA soldiers are few in number and must come a long way to fight. Now is the time for the CCF to fight - a year later and the US will be too strong.

5. The rich in China are oppressing the poor. The CCF exists for the poor and will give food and clothing to them.

6. The CNA is forcing the poor into the army and forcing the soldiers to protect the wealth of the rich.

7. The world is divided into two classes - the rich and the poor. The rich is trying to enslave the poor whereas the CCF are the champions, fighting to preserve the rights of the poor.

8. The Russians and the CCF are allies - therefore the CCF must help Korea and Russia because America is trying to (1) conquer Korea; (2) conquer Manchuria; (3) conquer China proper; and (4) conquer Russia. In order to exist, the CCF must help the Koreans and Russians defeat the USA.

9. The Japanese conquerors in Manchuria were very oppressive - the USA would be worse.

The poor people favor the CCF because:

1. The CCF helped the poor in their farming.

2. The CCF did not rob the people, abuse them or molest their women.

3. The CCF treated the people better than the other Chinese Armies did.

Unfavorable points:

1. Too many meetings are held.

2. Too much food is taken by the CCF.

3. Taxation is high.

For the Commanding Officer: