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보/고/서

ATIS INTERROGATION REPORT NO. 2806　6 January 1951

FIELD REPORT (ADVATIS Special Rpt - 0307)　30 December 1950

1. PRSONAL DETAILS:

PW appeared cooperative and willing enough to answer questions within his knowledge. Since his capture by and induction into CCF, has been very much on the move without remaining for any length of time in any one place. Memory of dates appeared good; that of places and distances, from fair to poor. Reliability - Fair.

1920-42 - Remained in native village; farmed.

42-48 - Lived in TIENTSIN, employed as lathe operator by HUAPEI Motor Repair Company, TIENTSIN (華北汽車■■■■) Japanese owned. Plant taken over by 94th CNA after Sep 45.

Apr 48 - Volunteered for CNA at TIENTSIN: received training on 60mm mortar under 94th Army instructors.

Jul 48 - Assigned to TIENTSIN Garrison of 94th Army.

15 Jan 49 - Included in surrender of 94th Army in TIENTSIN to 38th CCF Army.

Feb 49 - Received two months field training under Communists and assigned to 38th Army.

Mar 49 - Departed with 38th Army for ICHANG (宜昌).

Jul 49 - Arrived ICHANG, engaged in combat for several days against elements of CNA 100th Army.

Mid Jul 49-Feb 50 - Continued south with 38th Army for SOUTH CHINA campaign, going as far south as LIUCHOU (柳州) KUANGHSI (廣西) Province; thence westward to NANTAN-HSIEN (南丹縣) KUANGHSI (廣西) Province. Only sporadic combat throughout March from ICHANG (宜昌) to NANTAN (南丹). Minor skirmishes at NANTAN (南丹) with troops of Gen PAI, Chung His (白■■).

End Feb 50 - Returned to LUICHOU (柳州) to board train for HANKOU (漢口) (HANKOU-CANTON Line).

Early Mar 50 - Arrived HANYANG (漢陽) (rail terminus) on south bank of YANGTZE River, crossed river by ferry to HANKOU (漢口) to board HANKOU-PEIPING train for SUIPING (遂平) in HONAN (河南) Province.

Mid Mar 50 - Farmed at SUIPING (遂平) (little more than half way from HANKOU to the LUNGHAI railroad on HANKOU-PEIPING line) under military control.

25 Jul 50 - Departed for north by train to the LUNGHAI line, and westward to TIENTSIN, PUKOU (浦口) terminus at HSUCHOW (徐州), and thence to TIENTSIN. Continued without learning of destination until arrival at MUKDEN.

31 Jul 50 - Arrived MUKDEN, where the 38th Army Headquarters took up quarters while various elements established respective headquarters within a day’s marching distance of MUKDEN. PW’s own regiment was sent to HSINTAITZU (新台子), about 30 miles north of MUKDEN.

Aug-15 Oct 50 - Combat training and nameuvers. Learned here for the first time they were preparing for service in KOREA.

16 Oct 50 - Boarded train at HSINTAITZU (新台子) for MANP’OJIN (滿浦鎭), KROEA on YALU River, going first north to SSUPINGCHIEH (西平街) to MEIHOKOU (梅河口) and south via TUNGHUA (通化). All elements of 38th Army made this move together, crossed YALU from CHIAN (輯安).

19 Oct 50 - Arrived MANP’OJIN (滿浦鎭), KOREA at night and immediately crossed border via pontoon bridge.

19-31 Oct 50 - On march toward TOKCH’ON (德川) via HUICH’ON (熙川). Engaged elements of ROK Army south of HUICH’ON.

31 Oct-2 Nov 50 - Approx 60 hours combat between HUICH’ON and TOKCH’ON.

3 Nov 50 - Surrendered to US troops in TOKCH’ON area.

Army Commander: Liang, Hsing Chu (梁興■)

Political Commissar: Liang, Pi Yeh (梁■■)

(1) Rifles: All Model 38 Japanese Army rifles.

(2) LMG: Czech Bren gun and Canadian Bren Gun (’43 & ’45)

(3) HMG: Water cooled type, thought to be of Russian make.

(4) 60mm mortar US made - shells also US made. Captured from CNA.

(5) Mountain gun - Japanese Army: first observed in 38th Army when PW was captured by CCF in Jan 49 at TIENTSIN.

(6) Rocket gun (bazooka) US made. Also shells of US manufacture, captured from CNA.

(7) Antitank-gun PINGSHEPAN (平■■). Origin not known but guns were old and worn.

None observed serving as units but saw a few Japanese personnel who were reported to be serving as the following:

a. Division and Army Medical Officers

b. Motor mechanics

c. Drivers - motor vehicles

d. Ordnance repair technicians

e. Equipment technicians

a. Special Task or Sabotage Troops

PW saw certain personnel of his regiment described as “special plain clothes men” who always preceded troops and usually disappeared some days before each operation. He heard there were about 35 such men in each regiment and also an unknown number at Division. Did not know chain of command.

Heard at HSINTAITZU (新台子) while his Div was undergoing training, that there were Soviet advisers at Army Headquarters. Battalion Commanders were taken for special training under these advisers to Headquarters 38th Army MUKDEN. Other men selected for special training under Soviet officers returned telling of political training, indoctrination, etc.

Commencing in August 1950 while in training at HSINTAITZU (新台子) company propaganda meetings were held twice weekly, for an hour each, led by company political officer (political leader). Basis was general eulogy of Communism as introduced by RUSSIA, and the commonly referred-to land reform program as proof of the merits of the new government over the regime of CHIANG KAI SHEK.

With reference to the war in KOREA, troops were told they were undergoing training for purpose of joining their North Korean brethren in defending their land from the imperialist invasion by the US. It was declared CHINA’s borders would not be safe unless US forces were completely pushed off the Korean peninsula, the achievement of which would greatly enhance the power, strength and world prestige of CHINA.

It was cited that the world was divided in two, and that RUSSIA, with CHINA, has command over 3/4 the world’s population and half the world’s land area. Thus there was no cause for fear of defeat at the hands of the UNITED STATES. There was no call for volunteers, all troops were ordered to KOREA.

For the Commanding Officer:

BREAKDOWN OF THE 38th ARMY

NOTE:

CG of 38th Army was LIANG HSING-CHU (梁奧初)

Code name for the army was LAIOYANG UNIT (遼陽部)

Strength figures beyond Bn level were based on hearsay from other PWs, and are all approx figures.