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ATIS INTERROGATION REPORT NO. 2389　27 November 1950

FIELD REPORT (ADVATIS SPECIAL REPORT NO. 0170)　13 November 1950

PW was cooperative, however, not observant. His judgement of measurements and distances was poor. He could not tell direction by himself. Information obtained by conversing with fellow soldier was insufficient. However, it seemed he was trying to give out what little information he had.

Sep 42: Drafted into the Chinese Nationalist Army as an Infantry PFC.

Nov 48: Fought against CCF in the battle of LIAO HSI (遼西), however escaped to PEIPING (北平) before the battle was completely lost.

Feb 49: 6th Corps to which he was assigned and other corps surrendered tc CCF. More than 100,000 troops surrendered.

May 49: Assigned to the CCF 42nd Army, 370th Inf Regt, 3rd Mortar Co, 3rd Plat, 8th Sqd.

Jun 49: Received 3 months training in handling ammunition supply wagons pulled by horses at CHO-HSIEN (浚縣), 50 km South of PEIPING (北平).

Sep 49: Started to march to HONAN-SHENG (河南省).

Nov 49: 0370th Regt was stationed in HUNANG for 3 months.

Feb 50: Left HONAN by trail and arrived HARBIN (哈雨濱) MANCHURIA on 10 Mar 50.

Mar 50: Stayed in HARBIN 2 days and then went to PEIAN (北安) where PW was engaged in construction of farm houses for 3 months and farming for 3 months.

Sep 50: Left PEIAN (北安) by train via CHILIN (吉林) and reached TUNGHUA (東黄) where the Regt stayed 10 days. Then the 3rd Co walked 40 km to HSIAOTUNGKOU (小道溝) where PW was trained for more than 1 month in loading and unloading ammunition on horses.

14 Oct 50: 3rd Co left SHAOTUNGO.

15 Oct 50: Arrived at a Manchurian border village, however, name of village was unknown.

16 Oct 50: 370th Inf Regt crossed the Yalu River.

Oct 50: Travelled at night and hid and slept during day time. Captured 300 m west of a narrow gauge track and 600 m east of a transformer station, in the vicinity of HWANG CHO LYONG (黃草嶺).

2nd Mortar Co was equipped with ex-Japanese Army Infantry Mortars (diameter approximately 60 mm), however, the number of mortars was unknown. No vehicles in the 370th Regt, 42nd Army.

Strength of 3rd Mortar Co was approximately 180 men and 370th Inf Regt was approximately 2,000 men.

3rd Mortar Co:

10 type 30 Japanese rifles

4 US mortars, diameter approximately 120 mm

52 horses

5 pistols.

80 mortar shells

1 or 2 hand grenades per soldier

42nd Army was organized in May 49. In the 3rd Mortar Co squad leader and all other leaders were regular CCF and soldiers were all ex-Chinese Nationalist Army troops.

80 Mortar Shells, 1 winter uniform per soldier and food for 15 days were supplied at TUNGHUA (通化).

None of the soldiers and most of the sqd leaders did not want to fight. However, platoon leaders and other higher leaders were strict in carrying out any orders they received from higher Hq and they always had a pistol in their hands to force soldiers to fight in the front lines.

Soldier: 80,000 Manchurian YUAN (園) per month when in MANCHURIA and 6,000 Chinese YUAN (園) when in CHINA. Although the exchange rate was 1 to 10, PW was able to buy more goods while in CHINA with his pay than he was in MANCHURIA.

Sqd Ldr: Same as soldier

Plat Ldr and Co Comdr: 160,000 Manchurian YUAN

Bn Comdr: 200,000 Manchurian YUAN

500 grams of pork cost 25,000 Manchurian YUAN. 1 cake of soap cost 10,000 Manchurian YUAN. Pay day was the 25th of each month.

Former Nationalist Soldiers were reorganized in the CCF and officers were sent to school for political education,

Cotton quilt uniform - 1 per year

Winter Gap - 1 per year

Socks - 3 per year

Winter shoes - 1 per year

Summer shoes - 4 per year

Summer uniforms 2 per year

Towel - 3 per year

Clothing was extremely scarce.

The civilian population generally hated the CCF. Merchants hated CCF since they could not carry on sufficient business because cooperatives established their own stores and sold goods cheaper than market prices. All farmers hated CCF. However, the poor people were in favor of CCF.

For the Commanding Officer: